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Program · PAA

Food Acquisition Program (PAA)

Problem
According to an MDA article, the PGPM did not serve the poorest family farmers, those far from Conab's purchasing sites or with a very small production scale.
Who it serves
Family farmers qualified under PRONAF (2003) or Law 11,326/2006 (2023), including artisanal fishers and aquaculture farmers; and those who receive the food, such as social assistance network entities and nonprofit hospitals.
How it works
Public purchase of food from family farming with exemption from bidding (in 2003, provided that prices did not exceed those of regional markets) and a maximum amount per farmer or family unit, established by art. 19 of Law 10,696/2003, the conversion of MP 114/2003. In 2021, Law 14,284 replaced the PAA with the Programa Alimenta Brasil; under Law 14,628/2023, which reestablished the PAA, purchases may be made by the federal, state, district and municipal public authorities. The products may be donated, and purchase with simultaneous donation is one of the five modalities regulated in 2023.

Fight against hungerFamily farming

Relation to the Lula governments

Created under Lula · First term (2003 to 2006) · since July 2003

The Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos was established by art. 19 of Law No. 10,696 of July 2, 2003 (the conversion of MP 114/2003), which was signed into law by Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva.[1]

Decree No. 4,772 of July 2, 2003, signed by Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, created the PAA Management Group, coordinated by the Office of the Extraordinary Minister of Food Security and Fight against Hunger, and set the maximum amount at R$2,500.00 per family farmer.[2]

Resumed under Lula · Third term (since 2023) · since July 2023

Law No. 14,284 of December 29, 2021 established the Programa Alimenta Brasil to replace the Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos referred to in art. 19 of Law 10,696/2003.[3]

Law No. 14,628 of July 20, 2023, signed into law by Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, established the Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos (PAA) and the Programa Cozinha Solidária and repealed provisions of Law 14,284/2021.[4]

Origin and precursors

Origin milestone: founding legal act, First term (2003 to 2006).

The Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos was established by art. 19 of Law No. 10,696 of July 2, 2003 (the conversion of MP 114/2003), which was signed into law by Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva.[1]

Precursors

  • Direct purchase from small farmers in the 1970s and 1980s similar initiative, no succession stated by the source According to an article in an official MDA publication, in the 1970s and 1980s, when direct purchasing from small farmers was carried out by sending staff of the then Production Financing Commission (CFP) and of Banco do Brasil to the production sites, where Mobile Purchase Posts (Povoc) were set up, some of these problems of distance and scale were being overcome, but they ended up resulting in a high operating cost for the government.[5]
  • Minimum Price Guarantee Policy (2003 diagnosis) similar initiative, no succession stated by the source According to an article in an official MDA publication, in 2003, at the start of the Lula government, technicians of the then Extraordinary Ministry of Food Security (Mesa) and of the MDA assessed that the PGPM was not serving the poorest family farmers, those far from Conab's purchasing sites or with a very small production scale; combined with the assessment that many family farmers, especially the poorest, could not sell their products at prices compatible with their costs, this perception made up the diagnosis that formed the basis for creating the Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos da Agricultura Familiar (PAA).[6]
  • Classification under Pronaf as a criterion earlier technical basis Law 10,696/2003 earmarked the PAA for purchasing products from family farmers qualified under PRONAF, with exemption from bidding if prices did not exceed those of regional markets. According to an MDA article, the federal government created Pronaf by resolution of the National Monetary Council, replacing Provap.[7]

Precursor investigation: new structure established (October 13, 2026).

Scope: Rules and statements of reasons at the Planalto, publications of the ministries and oversight bodies, searches recorded in the dossier (research of October 13, 2026). The precedents found are similar experiences with no declared succession.

Responsibilities

  • PAA Steering Group design

    Under the original wording of art. 19, § 3, of Law 10,696/2003, the Executive Branch would constitute a Management Group with representatives of the MDA, the MAPA, Finance, Planning and the Office of the Extraordinary Minister of Food Security. Law No. 11,524/2007 gave it new wording, including the MDS and the Ministry of Education.[8]

  • Conab, states and municipalities state implementation

    Decree 4,772/2003 provided that the MAPA, through Conab, would supply the subsidies and technical support for implementing the decisions of the Management Group, and that the Office of the Extraordinary Minister of Food Security and Fight against Hunger could sign agreements with the States, the Federal District and the Municipalities so that they participate in the Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos, including with financial contributions.[9]

  • Ministry of Social Development (according to an MDA publication) federal management

    According to the MDA article (2010), in the federal government the PAA is the responsibility of the MDS, which concentrates most of the resources and has agreements with Conab and with state and municipal governments; the MDA's resources go exclusively to Conab.[10]

  • National Congress legislative approval

    According to the MDA article, the PAA was institutionalized by including a single article in a bill under consideration in the National Congress; Law 10,696/2003 is the conversion of MP 114/2003 and was enacted by the National Congress.[11]

Timeline

Timeline of Food Acquisition Program (PAA)
DatePhaseWhat happened
July 2, 2003Legal actArt. 19 of Law 10,696 establishes the program.[1]
December 29, 2021TerminationLaw 14,284 establishes Alimenta Brasil to replace the PAA (Bolsonaro government).[3]
July 20, 2023RelaunchLaw 14,628 establishes the PAA again.[4]

What was established

According to the MDA article, art. 19 of Law 10,696/2003, which established the PAA, provided the legal basis for purchasing products directly from family farmers, without the need for bidding. Under § 2 of that article, in its original wording, bidding was waived as long as prices were not higher than those practiced in regional markets.[12]

How it works

In the 2003 version, § 2 of art. 19 of Law 10,696 earmarked the PAA for purchasing products from family farmers qualified under PRONAF, with exemption from bidding provided that prices did not exceed those of regional markets. Decree 4,772 of July 2, 2003 (later repealed by Decree 5,873/2006) set the maximum amount at R$2,500.00 per family farmer and ordered the Management Group to define the conditions for donating the products to beneficiaries of Complementary Law 111/2001 or of the Programa Nacional de Acesso à Alimentação.[13]

Decree 11,802 of November 28, 2023, which regulates the PAA of Law 14,628/2023, provides for five modalities: purchase with simultaneous donation, PAA-Leite, direct purchase, support for stock formation and institutional purchase. It sets limits per family unit of up to R$15,000.00 per year for purchase with simultaneous donation, direct purchase and support for stock formation, and of R$30,000.00 per year for PAA-Leite and, per purchasing body, for institutional purchase. It guarantees minimum participation of fifty percent women across all the modalities combined.[14]

Who it serves

Under Law 14,628/2023, the federal, state, district and municipal public authorities may purchase food, with exemption from bidding, from the supplier beneficiaries listed in art. 5, subject to a maximum annual amount per family unit or organization in each modality. Family farmers, artisanal fishers, aquaculture farmers, shrimp farmers and fish farmers qualified under Law 11,326/2006 may supply, and the Management Group must set access criteria for priority groups, including CadÚnico families, Indigenous peoples, agrarian reform settlers, Black people, women and rural youth. Nonprofit hospitals and social assistance network entities may have their demands met with PAA products.[15]

Implementation

In Table 1 of Conab's compendium on the results of Conab's actions in the PAA in 2016, the SEAD/MDSA resources applied to purchasing PAA products total R$81,541,207 in 2003, R$200,667,394 in 2006 and R$379,735,466 in 2010. The table is part of the report on the results of Conab's actions, not of the whole program.[16]

Budget and spending

Figures are nominal unless stated otherwise. Announced, authorized, committed, liquidated and paid amounts are different things and appear with the type indicated. In SIOP lines, "paid" means paid within the same fiscal year (arrears settled later are not counted), and one budget action can fund more than one program: the text says when the action is only part of a program.

In the federal budget open data (SIOP), action 2798 (Acquisition and Distribution of Food from Family Farming for the Promotion of Food and Nutrition Security) records for 2023 an initial appropriation of R$516,112,361, an authorized appropriation of R$1,040,109,682, R$1,030,182,516 committed, R$396,707,655 liquidated and R$376,999,857 paid in the fiscal year, in nominal values. Conab's amendments guide for the 2026 LOA presents action 2798 among the budget actions of the Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos (PAA), with execution through the MDS; the amount is that of the action, not necessarily the total for the program.[17]

In the federal budget open data (SIOP), action 2798 (Acquisition and Distribution of Food from Family Farming for the Promotion of Food and Nutrition Security) records for 2024 an initial appropriation of R$473,208,721, an authorized appropriation of R$524,460,261, R$523,805,099 committed, R$228,698,993 liquidated and R$223,019,060 paid in the fiscal year, in nominal values. Conab's amendments guide for the 2026 LOA presents action 2798 among the budget actions of the Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos (PAA), with execution through the MDS; the amount is that of the action, not necessarily the total for the program.[18]

In the federal budget open data (SIOP), action 2798 (Acquisition and Distribution of Food from Family Farming for the Promotion of Food and Nutrition Security) records for 2025 an initial appropriation of R$1,210,849,769, an authorized appropriation of R$1,246,956,335, R$1,186,377,324 committed, R$547,276,661 liquidated and R$521,536,581 paid in the fiscal year, in nominal values. Conab's amendments guide for the 2026 LOA presents action 2798 among the budget actions of the Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos (PAA), with execution through the MDS; the amount is that of the action, not necessarily the total for the program.[19]

Beneficiaries

Annual flow, a monthly stock and a cumulative total cannot be added together.

According to Conab's 2009 Social Report (Balanço Social), the PAA began operating in 2003 with Conab's purchase of 56 types of products from 41,065 family producers in 112 municipalities; in 2009 it reached 262 products, 81,726 family producers and 1,107 municipalities. In the same report's table, the CPR-Doação modality records for 2007 72,376 producers, 133,031 tons, 19,288 institutions and 8,287,148 people benefited. These are annual figures for execution by Conab, as declared by the company.[20]

According to the report Ações da Conab 2023, the Ministry of Development and Social Assistance, Family and Fight against Hunger (MDS) transferred R$712.4 million to Conab for executing the PAA.[21]

Impact evaluations

Evaluations with a causal design are flagged; association is not proof of effect.

According to Ipea Discussion Paper 2820, which uses difference-in-differences with entropy balancing on PAA purchase records and DAP registries from 2009 to 2017, the purchase with simultaneous donation modality (PAA-CDS) contributed to an average increase of 13.2% in the income of participating farmers, benefiting the poorest farmers to a greater extent (growth of 56.8% for farmers in the 10th income quantile), in addition to a positive and significant impact on production diversity.[22]

Audits

According to a TCU news item on Ruling 646/2017 of the Plenary (case 024.338/2015-0), an operational audit of the purchase with simultaneous donation modality concluded that it does not favor states with lower-income farmers or greater food insecurity and that only 16% of the audited operations were considered regular. Between 2012 and 2015, 9.68% of the supplier beneficiaries analyzed, 15,951 people, showed indications of irregularities.[23]

In Ruling 646/2017-Plenary (operational audit of the PAA, purchase with simultaneous donation modality operated by Conab), the TCU recorded that, between 2012 and 2015, 15,951 supplier beneficiaries (9.68% of those analyzed) showed indications of noncompliance with the PAA/CDS requirements defined in Law No. 12,512/2011.[24]

In Evaluation Report No. 1564081 (PAA/CDS/Conab, fiscal year 2025), the CGU concluded that in the PAA/CDS operated by Conab there are no actions or controls to qualify the types of products purchased so as to optimize the meeting of the priority needs of the consumer beneficiaries.[25]

Limitations

According to TCU Ruling 646/2017-Plenary, the distribution of purchase with simultaneous donation resources among the states did not favor states with lower-income farmers or greater food insecurity: between 2012 and 2014 there was a concentration in São Paulo (23.85%), Bahia (9.32%), Minas Gerais (7.34%), Santa Catarina (5.37%) and Paraná (5.24%).[26]

Context

An official MDA publication highlights the creation of the Programa Cartão Alimentação and the Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos (PAA), with public purchases directed to family farming.[27]

Law 14,628/2023 keeps the sub-statutory acts of the Programa Alimenta Brasil in force, to the extent they are compatible, until the PAA regulation is issued, and validates the enrollments made under Alimenta Brasil.[28]

Related indicators

A change in an indicator during a term does not, by itself, prove an effect of the program.

Sources and evidence

Excerpts are quoted in the original language of the source.

  1. 1. The Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos was established by art. 19 of Law No. 10,696 of July 2, 2003 (the conversion of MP 114/2003), which was signed into law by Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva.

    • Lei nº 10.696, de 2 de julho de 2003 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: art. 19, caput (original wording, struck through on the Planalto site). Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “Art. 19. Fica instituído o Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos com a finalidade de incentivar a agricultura familiar, compreendendo ações vinculadas à distribuição de produtos agropecuários para pessoas em situação de insegurança alimentar e à formação de estoques estratégicos.”
    • Lei nº 10.696, de 2 de julho de 2003 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: header; closing and signatures. Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “LEI No 10.696, DE 2 DE JULHO DE 2003 Conversão da MPv nº 114, de 2003 [...] Brasília, 2 de julho de 2003; 182o da Independência e 115o da República. LUIZ INÁCIO LULA DA SILVA Antonio Palocci Filho Roberto Rodrigues Guido Mantega Miguel Soldatelli Rossetto José Graziano da Silva”

  2. 2. Decree No. 4,772 of July 2, 2003, signed by Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, created the PAA Management Group, coordinated by the Office of the Extraordinary Minister of Food Security and Fight against Hunger, and set the maximum amount at R$2,500.00 per family farmer.

    • Decreto nº 4.772, de 2 de julho de 2003 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: art. 1; art. 2, item I. Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “Fica criado Grupo Gestor para implementação do Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos previsto no art. 19 da Lei n o 10.696, de 2 de julho de 2003, Art. 2 o O Grupo Gestor será composto por representantes dos seguintes órgãos: I - Gabinete do Ministro de Estado Extraordinário de Segurança Alimentar e Combate à Fome, que o coordenará;”
    • Decreto nº 4.772, de 2 de julho de 2003 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: art. 5. Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “Fica estabelecido o valor máximo de R$ 2.500,00 (dois mil e quinhentos reais) por agricultor familiar para a aquisição de produtos agropecuários de que trata este Decreto.”
    • Decreto nº 4.772, de 2 de julho de 2003 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: closing. Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “LUIZ INÁCIO LULA DA SILVA Antonio Palocci Filho Roberto Rodrigues Guido Mantega Miguel Soldatelli Rossetto José Graziano da Silva”

  3. 3. Law No. 14,284 of December 29, 2021 established the Programa Alimenta Brasil to replace the Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos referred to in art. 19 of Law 10,696/2003.

    • Lei nº 14.284, de 29 de dezembro de 2021 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: art. 1 (original wording, struck through on the Planalto site). Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “Esta Lei institui o Programa Auxílio Brasil e o Programa Alimenta Brasil, em substituição ao Programa Bolsa Família, de que trata a Lei nº 10.836, de 9 de janeiro de 2004, e ao Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos, de que trata o art. 19 da Lei nº 10.696, de 2 de julho de 2003, respectivamente”

  4. 4. Law No. 14,628 of July 20, 2023, signed into law by Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, established the Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos (PAA) and the Programa Cozinha Solidária and repealed provisions of Law 14,284/2021.

    • Lei nº 14.628, de 20 de julho de 2023 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: summary and art. 2, caput. Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “Institui o Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos (PAA) e o Programa Cozinha Solidária [...] e revoga dispositivos das Leis nºs 11.718, de 20 de junho de 2008, 11.775, de 17 de setembro de 2008, 12.512, de 14 de outubro de 2011, e 14.284, de 29 de dezembro de 2021. [...] Art. 2º Fica instituído o Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos (PAA)”
    • Lei nº 14.628, de 20 de julho de 2023 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: closing and signatures. Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “de 2023; 202o da Independência e 135o da República. LUIZ INÁCIO LULA DA SILVA Carlos Henrique Baqueta Fávaro Luiz Paulo Teixeira Ferreira José Wellington Barroso de Araujo Dias Fernando Haddad”

  5. 5. According to an article in an official MDA publication, in the 1970s and 1980s, when direct purchasing from small farmers was carried out by sending staff of the then Production Financing Commission (CFP) and of Banco do Brasil to the production sites, where Mobile Purchase Posts (Povoc) were set up, some of these problems of distance and scale were being overcome, but they ended up resulting in a high operating cost for the government.

    • Fome Zero: a experiência brasileira (Série NEAD Especial 12) · Ministry of Agrarian Development (MDA) / NEAD Government communication
      Where: PDF p. 198 (printed p. 197). Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “Ressalte-se que nas décadas de 1970 e 1980, quando a aqui- sição direta de pequenos agricultores era realizada com o desloca- mento dos funcionários da então Comissão de Financiamento da Produção (CFP) e do Banco do Brasil até os locais de produção, onde eram montados os Postos Volantes de Compra (Povoc), alguns des- ses problemas vinham sendo superados, mas acabaram resultando em um elevado custo operacional para o governo.”

  6. 6. According to an article in an official MDA publication, in 2003, at the start of the Lula government, technicians of the then Extraordinary Ministry of Food Security (Mesa) and of the MDA assessed that the PGPM was not serving the poorest family farmers, those far from Conab's purchasing sites or with a very small production scale; combined with the assessment that many family farmers, especially the poorest, could not sell their products at prices compatible with their costs, this perception made up the diagnosis that formed the basis for creating the Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos da Agricultura Familiar (PAA).

    • Fome Zero: a experiência brasileira (Série NEAD Especial 12) · Ministry of Agrarian Development (MDA) / NEAD Government communication
      Where: PDF p. 198 (printed p. 197). Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “Para eles, a PGPM não estava atendendo os agri- cultores familiares mais pobres, seja porque estavam distantes dos locais onde normalmente a Conab realizava suas compras, seja por- que sua escala de produção era muito pequena, o que dificultava sua atuação pelos instrumentos convencionais de garantia de preços.”
    • Fome Zero: a experiência brasileira (Série NEAD Especial 12) · Ministry of Agrarian Development (MDA) / NEAD Government communication
      Where: PDF p. 198 (printed p. 197). Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “Este diagnóstico acabou por dar a base para a criação do Pro- grama de Aquisição de Alimentos da Agricultura Familiar (PAA), que tinha por objetivos:”
    • Fome Zero: a experiência brasileira (Série NEAD Especial 12) · Ministry of Agrarian Development (MDA) / NEAD Government communication
      Where: PDF p. 197 (printed 196), start of the section Lula Government, Fome Zero and the Origin of the PAA. Accessed October 14, 2026.
      “Em 2003, no início do governo Lula, era unânime entre os técnicos do então Ministério Extraordinário de Segurança Alimentar (Mesa) e do MDA a percepção de que os instrumentos de garantia”
    • Fome Zero: a experiência brasileira (Série NEAD Especial 12) · Ministry of Agrarian Development (MDA) / NEAD Government communication
      Where: PDF p. 198 (printed 197). Accessed October 14, 2026.
      “A ava- liação era de que muitos agricultores familiares, em especial os mais pobres, não tinham incentivos para ampliar sua produção porque não conseguiam comercializar seus produtos a preços compatíveis com seus custos, especialmente porque ficavam reféns dos atravessadores.”

  7. 7. Law 10,696/2003 earmarked the PAA for purchasing products from family farmers qualified under PRONAF, with exemption from bidding if prices did not exceed those of regional markets. According to an MDA article, the federal government created Pronaf by resolution of the National Monetary Council, replacing Provap.

    • Lei nº 10.696, de 2 de julho de 2003 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: art. 19, § 2 (original wording). Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “Programa de que trata o caput será destinado à aquisição de produtos agropecuários produzidos por agricultores familiares que se enquadrem no Programa Nacional de Fortalecimento da Agricultura Familiar – PRONAF, ficando dispensada a licitação para essa aquisição desde que os preços não sejam superiores aos praticados nos mercados regionais.”
    • Fome Zero: a experiência brasileira (Série NEAD Especial 12) · Ministry of Agrarian Development (MDA) / NEAD Government communication
      Where: PDF p. 193 (printed p. 192). Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “governo federal criou o Pronaf, por meio de uma Resolução do Conselho Monetário Nacional (CMN), substituindo o Provap.”

  8. 8. Under the original wording of art. 19, § 3, of Law 10,696/2003, the Executive Branch would constitute a Management Group with representatives of the MDA, the MAPA, Finance, Planning and the Office of the Extraordinary Minister of Food Security. Law No. 11,524/2007 gave it new wording, including the MDS and the Ministry of Education.

    • Lei nº 10.696, de 2 de julho de 2003 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: art. 19, § 3 (2007 wording). Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “Orçamento e Gestão; do Desenvolvimento Social e Combate à Fome; e da Educação, para a operacionalização do Programa de que trata o caput deste artigo. (Redação dada pela Lei nº 11.524, de 2007)”
    • Lei nº 10.696, de 2 de julho de 2003 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: art. 19, § 3 (original wording). Accessed October 14, 2026.
      “O Poder Executivo constituirá Grupo Gestor, formado por representantes dos Ministérios do Desenvolvimento Agrário; da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento; da Fazenda; do Planejamento, Orçamento e Gestão; e do Gabinete do Ministro Extraordinário de Segurança Alimentar e Combate à Fome, para a operacionalização do Programa de que trata o caput .”
    • Lei nº 11.524, de 24 de setembro de 2007 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: art. 13, caput. Accessed October 14, 2026.
      “art. 19 da Lei no 10.696, de 2 de julho de 2003 , passa a vigorar com a seguinte redação:”

  9. 9. Decree 4,772/2003 provided that the MAPA, through Conab, would supply the subsidies and technical support for implementing the decisions of the Management Group, and that the Office of the Extraordinary Minister of Food Security and Fight against Hunger could sign agreements with the States, the Federal District and the Municipalities so that they participate in the Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos, including with financial contributions.

    • Decreto nº 4.772, de 2 de julho de 2003 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: art. 6. Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “O Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento, por intermédio da CONAB, fornecerá os subsídios e o suporte técnico para a operacionalização das decisões do Grupo Gestor.”
    • Decreto nº 4.772, de 2 de julho de 2003 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: art. 4. Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “Segurança Alimentar e Combate à Fome poderá firmar convênios com os Estados, o Distrito Federal e os Municípios para que estes participem do Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos, inclusive com aportes financeiros.”

  10. 10. According to the MDA article (2010), in the federal government the PAA is the responsibility of the MDS, which concentrates most of the resources and has agreements with Conab and with state and municipal governments; the MDA's resources go exclusively to Conab.

    • Fome Zero: a experiência brasileira (Série NEAD Especial 12) · Ministry of Agrarian Development (MDA) / NEAD Government communication
      Where: PDF p. 201 (printed p. 200). Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “Para a efetivação do PAA, o MDS con- venia recursos com a Conab, governos estaduais e municipais, sendo que os recursos do MDA são repassados exclusivamente à Conab.”

  11. 11. According to the MDA article, the PAA was institutionalized by including a single article in a bill under consideration in the National Congress; Law 10,696/2003 is the conversion of MP 114/2003 and was enacted by the National Congress.

    • Fome Zero: a experiência brasileira (Série NEAD Especial 12) · Ministry of Agrarian Development (MDA) / NEAD Government communication
      Where: PDF p. 199 (printed p. 198). Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “O PAA foi institucionalizado pela Lei n. 10.696, de 2003, por meio da inclusão de um único artigo em um projeto de lei que esta- va em tramitação no Congresso Nacional, com a seguinte redação:”
    • Lei nº 10.696, de 2 de julho de 2003 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: header and preamble. Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “Conversão da MPv nº 114, de 2003 Dispõe sobre a repactuação e o alongamento de dívidas oriundas de operações de crédito rural, e dá outras providências. O PRESIDENTE DA REPÚBLICA Faço saber que o Congresso Nacional decreta e eu sanciono a seguinte Lei:”

  12. 12. According to the MDA article, art. 19 of Law 10,696/2003, which established the PAA, provided the legal basis for purchasing products directly from family farmers, without the need for bidding. Under § 2 of that article, in its original wording, bidding was waived as long as prices were not higher than those practiced in regional markets.

    • Fome Zero: a experiência brasileira (Série NEAD Especial 12) · Ministry of Agrarian Development (MDA) / NEAD Government communication
      Where: PDF p. 199 (printed p. 198). Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “Este artigo garantiu a base legal para a aquisição dos produtos diretamente dos agricultores familiares, sem necessidade de licitação, além de permitir o pagamento de um preço mais justo e próximo do praticado pelo mercado local para os demais produtores.”
    • Fome Zero: a experiência brasileira (Série NEAD Especial 12) · Ministry of Agrarian Development (MDA) / NEAD Government communication
      Where: PDF p. 199 (printed p. 198), section The Legal Basis of the PAA. Accessed October 14, 2026.
      “O PAA foi institucionalizado pela Lei n. 10.696, de 2003, por meio da inclusão de um único artigo em um projeto de lei que estava em tramitação no Congresso Nacional, com a seguinte redação: Art. 19. Fica instituído o Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos”
    • Fome Zero: a experiência brasileira (Série NEAD Especial 12) · Ministry of Agrarian Development (MDA) / NEAD Government communication
      Where: PDF p. 199, § 2 of art. 19 transcribed. Accessed October 14, 2026.
      “ficando dispensada a licitação para essa aquisição desde que os preços não sejam superiores aos praticados nos mercados regionais.”
    • Lei nº 10.696, de 2 de julho de 2003 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: art. 19, § 2 (original wording). Accessed October 14, 2026.
      “O Programa de que trata o caput será destinado à aquisição de produtos agropecuários produzidos por agricultores familiares que se enquadrem no Programa Nacional de Fortalecimento da Agricultura Familiar PRONAF, ficando dispensada a licitação para essa aquisição desde que os preços não sejam superiores aos praticados nos mercados regionais.”

  13. 13. In the 2003 version, § 2 of art. 19 of Law 10,696 earmarked the PAA for purchasing products from family farmers qualified under PRONAF, with exemption from bidding provided that prices did not exceed those of regional markets. Decree 4,772 of July 2, 2003 (later repealed by Decree 5,873/2006) set the maximum amount at R$2,500.00 per family farmer and ordered the Management Group to define the conditions for donating the products to beneficiaries of Complementary Law 111/2001 or of the Programa Nacional de Acesso à Alimentação.

    • Lei nº 10.696, de 2 de julho de 2003 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: art. 19, caput (original wording). Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “Art. 19. Fica instituído o Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos com a finalidade de incentivar a agricultura familiar”
    • Lei nº 10.696, de 2 de julho de 2003 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: art. 19, § 2 (original wording). Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “Programa de que trata o caput será destinado à aquisição de produtos agropecuários produzidos por agricultores familiares que se enquadrem no Programa Nacional de Fortalecimento da Agricultura Familiar – PRONAF, ficando dispensada a licitação para essa aquisição desde que os preços não sejam superiores aos praticados nos mercados regionais.”
    • Decreto nº 4.772, de 2 de julho de 2003 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: header (repeal note). Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “Revogado pelo Decreto nº 5.873, de 2006”
    • Decreto nº 4.772, de 2 de julho de 2003 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: art. 5, caput. Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “Fica estabelecido o valor máximo de R$ 2.500,00 (dois mil e quinhentos reais) por agricultor familiar para a aquisição de produtos agropecuários de que trata este Decreto.”
    • Decreto nº 4.772, de 2 de julho de 2003 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: art. 3, item III. Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “III - as condições de doação dos produtos adquiridos a beneficiários enquadráveis no art. 3 o da Lei Complementar n o 111, de 6 de julho de 2001 , ou no Programa Nacional de Acesso à Alimentação”

  14. 14. Decree 11,802 of November 28, 2023, which regulates the PAA of Law 14,628/2023, provides for five modalities: purchase with simultaneous donation, PAA-Leite, direct purchase, support for stock formation and institutional purchase. It sets limits per family unit of up to R$15,000.00 per year for purchase with simultaneous donation, direct purchase and support for stock formation, and of R$30,000.00 per year for PAA-Leite and, per purchasing body, for institutional purchase. It guarantees minimum participation of fifty percent women across all the modalities combined.

    • Decreto nº 11.802, de 28 de novembro de 2023 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: summary. Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “Regulamenta o Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos - PAA, instituído pela Lei nº 14.628, de 20 de julho de 2023.”
    • Decreto nº 11.802, de 28 de novembro de 2023 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: art. 3, items I to III. Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “PAA poderá ser executado nas seguintes modalidades, conforme condições e regras estabelecidas pelo Grupo Gestor do PAA: I - compra com doação simultânea - compra de gêneros alimentícios ou materiais propagativos diversos e doação simultânea às unidades recebedoras ou diretamente aos beneficiários consumidores; II - PAA-Leite”
    • Decreto nº 11.802, de 28 de novembro de 2023 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: art. 3, items III to V. Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “III - compra direta - compra de gêneros alimentícios com o objetivo de sustentar preços, formar estoques reguladores ou estratégicos”
    • Decreto nº 11.802, de 28 de novembro de 2023 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: art. 3, items IV and V. Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “IV - apoio à formação de estoques - apoio financeiro destinado à constituição de estoques de alimentos por organizações fornecedoras”
    • Decreto nº 11.802, de 28 de novembro de 2023 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: art. 3, item V. Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “V - compra institucional - compra de produtos da agricultura familiar para o atendimento de demandas de gêneros alimentícios ou de materiais propagativos, por parte de órgão comprador”
    • Decreto nº 11.802, de 28 de novembro de 2023 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: art. 6, item I. Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “I - por unidade familiar, até: a) R$ 15.000,00 (quinze mil reais) por ano, nas modalidades: 1. compra com doação simultânea; 2. compra direta; 3. apoio à formação de estoques; b) R$ 30.000,00 (trinta mil reais), por ano, por órgão ou entidade compradora, na modalidade compra institucional; e c) R$ 30.000,00 (trinta mil reais), por ano, na modalidade PAA-Leite; e”
    • Decreto nº 11.802, de 28 de novembro de 2023 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: art. 8, sole paragraph. Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “Será garantida a participação mínima de cinquenta por cento de mulheres na execução do PAA no conjunto de suas modalidades.”

  15. 15. Under Law 14,628/2023, the federal, state, district and municipal public authorities may purchase food, with exemption from bidding, from the supplier beneficiaries listed in art. 5, subject to a maximum annual amount per family unit or organization in each modality. Family farmers, artisanal fishers, aquaculture farmers, shrimp farmers and fish farmers qualified under Law 11,326/2006 may supply, and the Management Group must set access criteria for priority groups, including CadÚnico families, Indigenous peoples, agrarian reform settlers, Black people, women and rural youth. Nonprofit hospitals and social assistance network entities may have their demands met with PAA products.

    • Lei nº 14.628, de 20 de julho de 2023 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: art. 4, caput and item II. Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “Art. 4º O Poder Executivo federal, estadual, distrital e municipal poderá adquirir, dispensada a licitação, os alimentos produzidos pelos beneficiários fornecedores de que trata o art. 5º desta Lei”
    • Lei nº 14.628, de 20 de julho de 2023 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: art. 4, item II. Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “II - o valor máximo anual para aquisições de alimentos em cada modalidade, por unidade familiar, por cooperativa ou por outras organizações da agricultura familiar, seja respeitado, nos termos do regulamento;”
    • Lei nº 14.628, de 20 de julho de 2023 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: art. 5, caput. Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “Art. 5º Poderão fornecer produtos ao PAA os agricultores familiares, os pescadores artesanais, os aquicultores, os carcinicultores e os piscicultores que se enquadrarem no disposto na Lei nº 11.326, de 24 de julho de 2006”
    • Lei nº 14.628, de 20 de julho de 2023 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: art. 6, items I to VIII. Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “Art. 6º O Grupo Gestor do PAA estabelecerá critérios de acesso ao Programa dos seguintes grupos prioritários: I - as famílias incluídas no Cadastro Único para Programas Sociais do Governo Federal (CadÚnico); II - povos indígenas; III - povos e comunidades tradicionais; IV - assentados da reforma agrária; V - pescadores; VI - negros; VII - mulheres; VIII - juventude rural;”
    • Lei nº 14.628, de 20 de julho de 2023 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: art. 9, § 2. Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “§ 2º Os hospitais públicos e privados sem fins lucrativos e as entidades públicas e privadas sem fins lucrativos que integram a rede socioassistencial, preferencialmente de atendimento a pessoas idosas e a pessoas com deficiência, podem ter as suas demandas de gêneros alimentícios atendidas pela administração pública com produtos do PAA.”

  16. 16. In Table 1 of Conab's compendium on the results of Conab's actions in the PAA in 2016, the SEAD/MDSA resources applied to purchasing PAA products total R$81,541,207 in 2003, R$200,667,394 in 2006 and R$379,735,466 in 2010. The table is part of the report on the results of Conab's actions, not of the whole program.

  17. 17. In the federal budget open data (SIOP), action 2798 (Acquisition and Distribution of Food from Family Farming for the Promotion of Food and Nutrition Security) records for 2023 an initial appropriation of R$516,112,361, an authorized appropriation of R$1,040,109,682, R$1,030,182,516 committed, R$396,707,655 liquidated and R$376,999,857 paid in the fiscal year, in nominal values. Conab's amendments guide for the 2026 LOA presents action 2798 among the budget actions of the Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos (PAA), with execution through the MDS; the amount is that of the action, not necessarily the total for the program.

    • SIOP, consulta SPARQL: execução da ação 2798 no exercício 2023 (dotação inicial, autorizado, empenhado, liquidado, pago) · Ministry of Planning and Budget (SIOP, open budget data) Budget and spending
      Where: CSV of the query (header and row for fiscal year 2023, action 2798); columns: loa = initial appropriation; lei_mais_credito = authorized; empenhado = committed; liquidado = liquidated; pago = paid within the fiscal year itself, excluding carryover payables (restos a pagar); current reais. Accessed October 14, 2026.
      “"exercicio","codAcao","descAcao","loa","lei_mais_credito","empenhado","liquidado","pago" 2023,"2798","Aquisição e Distribuição de Alimentos da Agricultura Familiar para Promoção da Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional",516112361,1040109682,1030182516,396707655,376999857”
    • Guia de emendas Conab, LOA 2026 · National Supply Company (Conab) Official record
      Where: p. 5, title of the Budget Actions section. Accessed October 14, 2026.
      “Ações Orçamentárias Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos (PAA) Execução via Ministério do Desenvolvimento e Assistência Social, Família e Combate à Fome (MDS)”
    • Guia de emendas Conab, LOA 2026 · National Supply Company (Conab) Official record
      Where: p. 5, table for action 2798. Accessed October 14, 2026.
      “FUNCIONAL: 20.55101.08.306.5133.2798 Ação orçamentária: 2798 Aquisição e distribuição de alimentos da agricultura familiar para promoção da segurança alimentar”

  18. 18. In the federal budget open data (SIOP), action 2798 (Acquisition and Distribution of Food from Family Farming for the Promotion of Food and Nutrition Security) records for 2024 an initial appropriation of R$473,208,721, an authorized appropriation of R$524,460,261, R$523,805,099 committed, R$228,698,993 liquidated and R$223,019,060 paid in the fiscal year, in nominal values. Conab's amendments guide for the 2026 LOA presents action 2798 among the budget actions of the Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos (PAA), with execution through the MDS; the amount is that of the action, not necessarily the total for the program.

    • SIOP, consulta SPARQL: execução da ação 2798 no exercício 2024 (dotação inicial, autorizado, empenhado, liquidado, pago) · Ministry of Planning and Budget (SIOP, open budget data) Budget and spending
      Where: CSV of the query (header and row for fiscal year 2024, action 2798); columns: loa = initial appropriation; lei_mais_credito = authorized; empenhado = committed; liquidado = liquidated; pago = paid within the fiscal year itself, excluding carryover payables (restos a pagar); current reais. Accessed October 14, 2026.
      “"exercicio","codAcao","descAcao","loa","lei_mais_credito","empenhado","liquidado","pago" 2024,"2798","Aquisição e Distribuição de Alimentos da Agricultura Familiar para Promoção da Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional",473208721,524460261,523805099,228698993,223019060”
    • Guia de emendas Conab, LOA 2026 · National Supply Company (Conab) Official record
      Where: p. 5, title of the Budget Actions section. Accessed October 14, 2026.
      “Ações Orçamentárias Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos (PAA) Execução via Ministério do Desenvolvimento e Assistência Social, Família e Combate à Fome (MDS)”
    • Guia de emendas Conab, LOA 2026 · National Supply Company (Conab) Official record
      Where: p. 5, table for action 2798. Accessed October 14, 2026.
      “FUNCIONAL: 20.55101.08.306.5133.2798 Ação orçamentária: 2798 Aquisição e distribuição de alimentos da agricultura familiar para promoção da segurança alimentar”

  19. 19. In the federal budget open data (SIOP), action 2798 (Acquisition and Distribution of Food from Family Farming for the Promotion of Food and Nutrition Security) records for 2025 an initial appropriation of R$1,210,849,769, an authorized appropriation of R$1,246,956,335, R$1,186,377,324 committed, R$547,276,661 liquidated and R$521,536,581 paid in the fiscal year, in nominal values. Conab's amendments guide for the 2026 LOA presents action 2798 among the budget actions of the Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos (PAA), with execution through the MDS; the amount is that of the action, not necessarily the total for the program.

    • SIOP, consulta SPARQL: execução da ação 2798 no exercício 2025 (dotação inicial, autorizado, empenhado, liquidado, pago) · Ministry of Planning and Budget (SIOP, open budget data) Budget and spending
      Where: CSV of the query (header and row for fiscal year 2025, action 2798); columns: loa = initial appropriation; lei_mais_credito = authorized; empenhado = committed; liquidado = liquidated; pago = paid within the fiscal year itself, excluding carryover payables (restos a pagar); current reais. Accessed October 14, 2026.
      “"exercicio","codAcao","descAcao","loa","lei_mais_credito","empenhado","liquidado","pago" 2025,"2798","Aquisição e Distribuição de Alimentos da Agricultura Familiar para Promoção da Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional",1210849769,1246956335,1186377324,547276661,521536581”
    • Guia de emendas Conab, LOA 2026 · National Supply Company (Conab) Official record
      Where: p. 5, title of the Budget Actions section. Accessed October 14, 2026.
      “Ações Orçamentárias Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos (PAA) Execução via Ministério do Desenvolvimento e Assistência Social, Família e Combate à Fome (MDS)”
    • Guia de emendas Conab, LOA 2026 · National Supply Company (Conab) Official record
      Where: p. 5, table for action 2798. Accessed October 14, 2026.
      “FUNCIONAL: 20.55101.08.306.5133.2798 Ação orçamentária: 2798 Aquisição e distribuição de alimentos da agricultura familiar para promoção da segurança alimentar”

  20. 20. According to Conab's 2009 Social Report (Balanço Social), the PAA began operating in 2003 with Conab's purchase of 56 types of products from 41,065 family producers in 112 municipalities; in 2009 it reached 262 products, 81,726 family producers and 1,107 municipalities. In the same report's table, the CPR-Doação modality records for 2007 72,376 producers, 133,031 tons, 19,288 institutions and 8,287,148 people benefited. These are annual figures for execution by Conab, as declared by the company.

    • Balanço Social 2009 (Conab) (arquivo original arquivado no Internet Archive, endereço id_) · National Supply Company (Conab) Government communication
      Read from an archived copy (Internet Archive (Wayback Machine), captured July 31, 2022); original address: www.conab.gov.br. The archive preserves the copy; the author is National Supply Company (Conab).
      Where: PDF p. 54, Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos (right column). Accessed October 14, 2026.
      “Ainda em fase de desenho e definição quanto a sua configuração e alcance, o PAA entrou em operação em 2003, quando a Conab adquiriu, pelas modalidades existentes naquele ano, 56 tipos de produtos”
    • Balanço Social 2009 (Conab) (arquivo original arquivado no Internet Archive, endereço id_) · National Supply Company (Conab) Government communication
      Read from an archived copy (Internet Archive (Wayback Machine), captured July 31, 2022); original address: www.conab.gov.br. The archive preserves the copy; the author is National Supply Company (Conab).
      Where: PDF pp. 54-55, continuation of the column. Accessed October 14, 2026.
      “de 41.065 produtores familiares, em 112 municípios.”
    • Balanço Social 2009 (Conab) (arquivo original arquivado no Internet Archive, endereço id_) · National Supply Company (Conab) Government communication
      Read from an archived copy (Internet Archive (Wayback Machine), captured July 31, 2022); original address: www.conab.gov.br. The archive preserves the copy; the author is National Supply Company (Conab).
      Where: PDF p. 55, right column (line 1). Accessed October 14, 2026.
      “Em 2009, evoluiu para 262 produtos, 81.726 produ”
    • Balanço Social 2009 (Conab) (arquivo original arquivado no Internet Archive, endereço id_) · National Supply Company (Conab) Government communication
      Read from an archived copy (Internet Archive (Wayback Machine), captured July 31, 2022); original address: www.conab.gov.br. The archive preserves the copy; the author is National Supply Company (Conab).
      Where: PDF p. 55, right column (line 2). Accessed October 14, 2026.
      “tores familiares e 1.107 municípios contemplados.”
    • Balanço Social 2009 (Conab) (arquivo original arquivado no Internet Archive, endereço id_) · National Supply Company (Conab) Government communication
      Read from an archived copy (Internet Archive (Wayback Machine), captured July 31, 2022); original address: www.conab.gov.br. The archive preserves the copy; the author is National Supply Company (Conab).
      Where: PDF p. 55, table by instrument, header (one cell per line). Accessed October 14, 2026.
      “Instrumento Compra Direta CPR-Doação CPR-Estoque Produtor Quant(t) Produtor Quant (t) Instituições Pessoas Beneficiadas Produtor Quant (t)”
    • Balanço Social 2009 (Conab) (arquivo original arquivado no Internet Archive, endereço id_) · National Supply Company (Conab) Government communication
      Read from an archived copy (Internet Archive (Wayback Machine), captured July 31, 2022); original address: www.conab.gov.br. The archive preserves the copy; the author is National Supply Company (Conab).
      Where: PDF p. 55, table by instrument, row for 2007 (Compra Direta: producer, t; CPR-Doação: producer, t, institutions, people; CPR-Estoque: producer, t). Accessed October 14, 2026.
      “2007 8.455 33.199 72.376 133.031 19.288 8.287.148 15.639 57.980”

  21. 21. According to the report Ações da Conab 2023, the Ministry of Development and Social Assistance, Family and Fight against Hunger (MDS) transferred R$712.4 million to Conab for executing the PAA.

    • Ações da Conab 2023 · National Supply Company (Conab) Government communication
      Where: PDF p. 7 (message from the Executive Board). Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “o Ministério do Desenvolvimento e Assistência Social, Família e Combate à Fome (MDS) repassou à Conab R$ 712,4 milhões para execução do PAA.”
    • Ações da Conab 2023 · National Supply Company (Conab) Government communication
      Where: PDF p. 11 (Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos). Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “Modalidades executadas R$ 712,4 milhões em 2023: contratados em 2023”
    • Ações da Conab 2023 · National Supply Company (Conab) Government communication
      Where: PDF p. 12 (National overview). Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “1.080 municípios 2 mil unidades recebedoras 94 mil toneladas de 48 mil fornecedores alimentos doados 2.160 organizações fornecedoras (CNPJs)”

  22. 22. According to Ipea Discussion Paper 2820, which uses difference-in-differences with entropy balancing on PAA purchase records and DAP registries from 2009 to 2017, the purchase with simultaneous donation modality (PAA-CDS) contributed to an average increase of 13.2% in the income of participating farmers, benefiting the poorest farmers to a greater extent (growth of 56.8% for farmers in the 10th income quantile), in addition to a positive and significant impact on production diversity.

  23. 23. According to a TCU news item on Ruling 646/2017 of the Plenary (case 024.338/2015-0), an operational audit of the purchase with simultaneous donation modality concluded that it does not favor states with lower-income farmers or greater food insecurity and that only 16% of the audited operations were considered regular. Between 2012 and 2015, 9.68% of the supplier beneficiaries analyzed, 15,951 people, showed indications of irregularities.

    • TCU identifica irregularidades no Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos · Federal Court of Accounts (TCU) Audit
      Where: paragraph 1. Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “Ações do Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos (PAA) sob a modalidade de aquisição Compra com Doação Simultânea (CDS) não privilegia Estados onde os agricultores têm rendas mais baixas ou com percentual mais expressivo da população em situação de insegurança alimentar, não cumprindo o propósito do programa.”
    • TCU identifica irregularidades no Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos · Federal Court of Accounts (TCU) Audit
      Where: paragraph 1 (end). Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “A constatação é da auditoria operacional do Tribunal de Contas da União (TCU) que também apontou que apenas 16% das operações fiscalizadas foram consideradas regulares.”
    • TCU identifica irregularidades no Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos · Federal Court of Accounts (TCU) Audit
      Where: paragraph 3. Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “Entre 2012 e 2015, a auditoria identificou que 9,68% dos beneficiários fornecedores analisados apresentavam indícios de irregularidades. Um total de 15.951 beneficiários apresentaram indícios de não cumprimento dos requisitos do PAA/CDS definidos na lei de criação do programa.”
    • TCU identifica irregularidades no Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos · Federal Court of Accounts (TCU) Audit
      Where: Service (footer of the news item). Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “Leia a íntegra da decisão: Acórdão 646/2017 – TCU – Plenário Processo: 024.338/2015-0”

  24. 24. In Ruling 646/2017-Plenary (operational audit of the PAA, purchase with simultaneous donation modality operated by Conab), the TCU recorded that, between 2012 and 2015, 15,951 supplier beneficiaries (9.68% of those analyzed) showed indications of noncompliance with the PAA/CDS requirements defined in Law No. 12,512/2011.

  25. 25. In Evaluation Report No. 1564081 (PAA/CDS/Conab, fiscal year 2025), the CGU concluded that in the PAA/CDS operated by Conab there are no actions or controls to qualify the types of products purchased so as to optimize the meeting of the priority needs of the consumer beneficiaries.

  26. 26. According to TCU Ruling 646/2017-Plenary, the distribution of purchase with simultaneous donation resources among the states did not favor states with lower-income farmers or greater food insecurity: between 2012 and 2014 there was a concentration in São Paulo (23.85%), Bahia (9.32%), Minas Gerais (7.34%), Santa Catarina (5.37%) and Paraná (5.24%).

  27. 27. An official MDA publication highlights the creation of the Programa Cartão Alimentação and the Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos (PAA), with public purchases directed to family farming.

    • Fome Zero: a experiência brasileira (Série NEAD Especial 12) · Ministry of Agrarian Development (MDA) / NEAD Government communication
      Where: PDF p. 10 (presentation). Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “Destacam-se a criação do Programa Cartão Alimentação, para compra de alimentos pelas famílias, e o Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos (PAA), com compras públicas dirigidas para a agricultura familiar.”

  28. 28. Law 14,628/2023 keeps the sub-statutory acts of the Programa Alimenta Brasil in force, to the extent they are compatible, until the PAA regulation is issued, and validates the enrollments made under Alimenta Brasil.

    • Lei nº 14.628, de 20 de julho de 2023 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: arts. 22 and 23. Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “Art. 22. Os atos normativos infralegais que dispõem sobre o Programa Alimenta Brasil, no que forem compatíveis com o disposto nesta Lei, permanecerão em vigor até a edição do regulamento do PAA. Art. 23. As adesões de Estados, de Municípios e do Distrito Federal, no âmbito do Programa Alimenta Brasil, ficam convalid”

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