Data

Indicators

Each series is complete within its documented window, unfavorable years included. Surveys with different methodologies appear separately. An observed improvement is not, by itself, proof that the government caused it.

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  Business openings and births

  Companies opened in the year according to CNPJ registration (Mapa de Empresas, includes MEI) and company births according to the IBGE Central Business Register (excludes MEI). Each series has its own source, definition, and period.

  Business Map (Ministry of Entrepreneurship, Micro and Small Business; DREI), CNPJ database · Business Map (Ministry of Entrepreneurship, Micro and Small Business; DREI), CNPJ database · IBGE, Business Demography and Entrepreneurship Statistics (Cempre) · IBGE, Business Demography and Entrepreneurship Statistics (Cempre)

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  Deforestation in the Legal Amazon (PRODES)

  Area of clear-cut forest in the Legal Amazon detected by satellite in each PRODES year (August 1 to July 31).

  INPE, PRODES Project

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  Extreme poverty (international line of US$3.00 per day)

  Proportion of the population with per capita household income below US$3.00 per day, in 2021 purchasing power parity.

  World Bank, Poverty and Inequality Platform, based on IBGE's Annual PNAD · IBGE, Continuous PNAD

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  GDP growth

  Real change (in volume) of Gross Domestic Product relative to the previous year, from the Annual National Accounts.

  IBGE, System of National Accounts

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  Income inequality (Gini index)

  Gini index of per capita household income (all sources): 0 = perfect equality, 1 = maximum inequality.

  IBGE, Annual PNAD; Ipea calculation (Ipeadata) · IBGE, Continuous PNAD (income from all sources)

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  Infant mortality

  Deaths of children under 1 year per thousand live births, estimated with correction for underregistration (IBGE, Population Projections, 2024 Revision).

  IBGE: Directorate of Surveys, Coordination of Population and Social Indicators · World Bank; primary source UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UNICEF, WHO, World Bank, UN Population Division)

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  Official inflation (IPCA)

  Cumulative change over the year of the National Broad Consumer Price Index, measured in December.

  IBGE, National Consumer Price Index System

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  Real minimum wage

  Minimum wage adjusted for inflation (INPC), in reais of constant purchasing power; average of the 12 months of each year.

  Ipea (Ipeadata), based on the nominal minimum wage and the INPC/IBGE

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  Severe food insecurity

  Proportion of residents in households with severe food insecurity, according to the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale (EBIA).

  IBGE, PNAD (food security supplements) · IBGE, Household Budget Survey 2017 to 2018 · IBGE, Continuous PNAD

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  Unemployment rate

  Proportion of unemployed people in the labor force, in the reference week.

  IBGE, Monthly Employment Survey (discontinued) · IBGE, Continuous PNAD