Catalog

Programs and policies

Each dossier says whether the program was created, merged, expanded, resumed or continued under the Lula governments, with its founding legal act and precursors. A program created under another government appears with that classification.

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  Plan

  Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of Deforestation in the Legal Amazon (PPCDAm)

  Reduce deforestation in the Legal Amazon. According to the TCU, deforestation reached its highest rate in 1995 and kept an upward curve until 2004, when it reached the second highest historical peak in the series that the INPE has measured since 1988.

  Created under Lula (First term (2003 to 2006)); Shared implementation (First term (2003 to 2006)); Reshaped under Lula (Second term (2007 to 2010)); Shared implementation (Second term (2007 to 2010)); Resumed under Lula (Third term (since 2023)); Reshaped under Lula (Third term (since 2023))

  Environment

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  Program

  Bolsa Família Program

  Poverty and extreme poverty, with federal income transfer actions divided among separate programs, such as Bolsa Escola, Bolsa Alimentação, Auxílio-Gás, and the PNAA.

  Merged earlier initiatives (First term (2003 to 2006)); Resumed under Lula (Third term (since 2023)); Reshaped under Lula (Third term (since 2023))

  Income and social protection · Fight against hunger

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  Plan

  Brasil Sem Fome Plan (Brazil Without Hunger)

  Hunger and food insecurity.

  Created under Lula (Third term (since 2023)); Shared implementation (Third term (since 2023))

  Fight against hunger · Income and social protection

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  Public policy

  Brasil Sorridente: National Oral Health Policy

  Oral health care in the SUS. The guidelines of the National Oral Health Policy were published by the Ministry of Health in 2004; in 2023, Law No. 14,572, which according to Senator Jussara Lima arose from a bill by Senator Humberto Costa, instituted the policy in the SUS and included oral health in the SUS's field of action in Law 8,080/1990.

  Reshaped under Lula (First term (2003 to 2006)); Reshaped under Lula (Third term (since 2023))

  Health

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  Law

  Changes to the individual Income Tax exemption

  Amount of the income bracket with no Income Tax, and taxation of high-income individuals.

  Expanded under Lula (First term (2003 to 2006)); Reshaped under Lula (Second term (2007 to 2010)); Expanded under Lula (Third term (since 2023)); Reshaped under Lula (Third term (since 2023)); Shared implementation (Third term (since 2023))

  Income and social protection · Economic development

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  Program

  Emergency Program for Renegotiation of Debts of Defaulting Individuals (Desenrola Brasil)

  Default by individuals on private debts, owed to creditors such as financial institutions, public service providers, and retail companies.

  Created under Lula (Third term (since 2023)); Shared implementation (Third term (since 2023)); Reshaped under Lula (Third term (since 2023))

  Income and social protection · Economic development

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  Program

  Farmácia Popular do Brasil Program (Popular Pharmacy)

  Access by the population to basic and essential medicines at low cost.

  Created under Lula (First term (2003 to 2006)); Expanded under Lula (First term (2003 to 2006))

  Health

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  System

  Federal Network of Vocational, Scientific and Technological Education and Federal Institutes

  Provision of vocational and technological education by the federal network. Since 1998, the creation of new units by the Union could only take place in partnership with states, municipalities, the Federal District, the productive sector or NGOs, responsible for maintenance and management; Law No. 11,195/2005 began to say that the partnership would take place preferably.

  Reshaped under Lula (First term (2003 to 2006)); Created under Lula (Second term (2007 to 2010)); Merged earlier initiatives (Second term (2007 to 2010))

  Education · Science and technology

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  Government strategy

  Fome Zero (Zero Hunger)

  Hunger and food insecurity.

  Created under Lula (First term (2003 to 2006)); Reshaped under Lula (First term (2003 to 2006)); Continued under Lula (Second term (2007 to 2010))

  Fight against hunger · Income and social protection · Family farming · Social participation and public administration

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  Program

  Food Acquisition Program (PAA)

  According to an MDA article, the PGPM did not serve the poorest family farmers, those far from Conab's purchasing sites or with a very small production scale.

  Created under Lula (First term (2003 to 2006)); Resumed under Lula (Third term (since 2023))

  Fight against hunger · Family farming

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  Fund

  Fundo Amazônia (Amazon Fund)

  To finance, with donations for non-reimbursable investments, actions to prevent, monitor and combat deforestation and to conserve and sustainably use forests, in the Amazon biome in the original wording and, since 2016, in the Legal Amazon. According to the midterm evaluation coordinated by Cepal (UN Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean), the fund was announced at COP 13, in 2007, after a cooperation agreement between Brazil and Norway.

  Created under Lula (Second term (2007 to 2010)); Shared implementation (Second term (2007 to 2010)); Resumed under Lula (Third term (since 2023)); Reshaped under Lula (Third term (since 2023)); Expanded under Lula (Third term (since 2023))

  Environment · International relations

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  Diplomatic initiative

  Global Alliance against Hunger and Poverty

  Hunger and poverty. Upon receiving the G20 presidency in New Delhi on September 10, 2023, President Lula announced that the Brazilian presidency would create two task forces, one of them the Global Alliance against Hunger and Poverty.

  Created under Lula (Third term (since 2023)); Shared implementation (Third term (since 2023))

  International relations · Fight against hunger

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  Program

  Growth Acceleration Program (PAC)

  Investment in infrastructure.

  Created under Lula (Second term (2007 to 2010)); Reshaped under Lula (Third term (since 2023))

  Infrastructure · Economic development

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  Public policy

  Land tenure regularization of quilombola territories (identification, recognition, delimitation, demarcation, and titling of the lands of the remnants of quilombo communities)

  To guarantee to the remnant quilombo communities definitive ownership of the lands they occupy, provided for in art. 68 of the ADCT (Act of Transitional Constitutional Provisions) since 1988.

  Reshaped under Lula (First term (2003 to 2006)); Shared implementation (First term (2003 to 2006)); Continued under Lula (Second term (2007 to 2010)); Reshaped under Lula (Second term (2007 to 2010)); Reshaped under Lula (Third term (since 2023)); Expanded under Lula (Third term (since 2023)); Shared implementation (Third term (since 2023))

  Racial equality · Human rights

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  Law

  Law No. 11,340 of August 7, 2006 (Maria da Penha Law)

  Domestic and family violence against women. In 2001, the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights held Brazil responsible for the unjustified delay and negligent handling of the Maria da Penha case; according to the Statement of Reasons of the bill, 70% of the cases tried in the Special Criminal Courts involved domestic violence, and Law 9,099/1995 did not offer an adequate solution.

  Created under Lula (First term (2003 to 2006)); Shared implementation (First term (2003 to 2006)); Shared implementation (Second term (2007 to 2010)); Reshaped under Lula (Third term (since 2023)); Shared implementation (Third term (since 2023))

  Women · Human rights

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  Law

  Law No. 12,288 of July 20, 2010 (Racial Equality Statute)

  Inequality of opportunities and discrimination against the Black population, which the Statute is intended to combat (art. 1). In 2000, then Deputy Paulo Paim introduced in the Chamber PL 3198/2000, which established a Racial Equality Statute and was shelved without becoming law; the enacted law has as its originating proposal the Senate bill PLS 213/2003, which went through the Chamber as PL 6264/2005, with authorship recorded as Federal Senate, Paulo Paim.

  Shared implementation (Second term (2007 to 2010)); Reshaped under Lula (Third term (since 2023)); Continued under Lula (Third term (since 2023))

  Racial equality · Human rights · Social participation and public administration

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  Program

  Mais Médicos Program

  Shortage of physicians in the priority regions of the SUS (Unified Health System); Law 12,871/2013 sought to reduce it in order to lessen regional inequalities and strengthen the provision of primary care services.

  Reshaped under Lula (Third term (since 2023))

  Health

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  Public policy

  Market openings for Brazilian agricultural products (sanitary and phytosanitary negotiations of the Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock)

  Sanitary requirements of importing countries that must be met for the export of Brazilian agricultural products.

  Continued under Lula (Third term (since 2023))

  Economic development · International relations

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  Diplomatic initiative

  Mercosur trade agreements with partners outside the region (India, Israel, SACU, Egypt, Palestine, Singapore, European Union, and EFTA)

  Trade conditions between Mercosur and India, Israel, the Southern African Customs Union (SACU), Egypt, Palestine, Singapore, the European Union, and the EFTA states, negotiated in preferential trade agreements and free trade agreements.

  Shared implementation (First term (2003 to 2006)); Shared implementation (Second term (2007 to 2010)); Shared implementation (Third term (since 2023))

  International relations · Economic development

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  Program

  Minha Casa, Minha Vida Program (My House, My Life)

  According to the Statement of Reasons of MP 459/2009, previous housing programs for the lowest-income population were insufficient and did not prevent the growth of the housing deficit.

  Created under Lula (Second term (2007 to 2010)); Merged earlier initiatives (Second term (2007 to 2010)); Resumed under Lula (Third term (since 2023))

  Housing

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  Public policy

  Minimum wage appreciation policy

  From 2003 to 2010, each new minimum wage value was set by its own provisional measure; according to DIEESE, the appreciation policy was applied without being in law until the 2011 value. According to the Statement of Reasons of MP 1,172/2023, the minimum wage went without a real adjustment in recent years.

  Continued under Lula (First term (2003 to 2006)); Reshaped under Lula (First term (2003 to 2006)); Reshaped under Lula (Second term (2007 to 2010)); Shared implementation (Second term (2007 to 2010)); Resumed under Lula (Third term (since 2023)); Reshaped under Lula (Third term (since 2023))

  Labor and wages · Income and social protection

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  Institutional reform

  Ministry of Indigenous Peoples

  Federal indigenous policy conducted by Funai, created with authorization from Law No. 5,371/1967 and defined in 2009 as a foundation linked to the Ministry of Justice, with the demarcation of lands regulated by Decree No. 1,775/1996. In 2019, MP No. 870 assigned to the Ministry of Agriculture the authority over the identification, delimitation and demarcation of Indigenous lands.

  Created under Lula (Third term (since 2023)); Reshaped under Lula (Third term (since 2023)); Shared implementation (Third term (since 2023))

  Human rights · Social participation and public administration

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  System

  Mobile Emergency Care Service (SAMU 192)

  Mobile pre-hospital emergency care. In 2001, an ordinance of the Ministry of Health recorded low coverage and insufficient supply, with services mostly non-medicalized and unregulated, aimed only at trauma and concentrated in capitals and large cities; the 2002 regulation already provided for 192 as the national medical emergency number.

  Created under Lula (First term (2003 to 2006)); Merged earlier initiatives (First term (2003 to 2006)); Shared implementation (First term (2003 to 2006))

  Health

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  System

  National High School Exam (Enem)

  According to Inep, the Enem was established in 1998 to assess the school performance of students at the end of basic education and, in 2009, also came to be used as a means of access to higher education. MEC Ordinance No. 807/2010 provided for the use of the results also for high school completion certification and for access to government programs.

  Continued under Lula (First term (2003 to 2006)); Expanded under Lula (First term (2003 to 2006)); Reshaped under Lula (Second term (2007 to 2010)); Continued under Lula (Second term (2007 to 2010)); Reshaped under Lula (Third term (since 2023)); Continued under Lula (Third term (since 2023))

  Education

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  Plan

  National Human Rights Program (PNDH-3)

  Revision and updating of the National Human Rights Program, established in 1996 and revised in 2002 by decree of Fernando Henrique Cardoso. This was the objective of the 11th National Human Rights Conference, convened by decree of Lula in 2008 and preceded by state and district conferences.

  Reshaped under Lula (Second term (2007 to 2010)); Shared implementation (Second term (2007 to 2010))

  Human rights · Social participation and public administration

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  Public policy

  National Policy on Climate Change (PNMC), established by Law No. 12,187/2009, with the National Plan on Climate Change (Plano Clima) and the National Fund on Climate Change (Climate Fund, Law No. 12,114/2009)

  Reduce anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions and implement adaptation measures in the three spheres of the Federation, reconciling economic and social development with protection of the climate system.

  Created under Lula (Second term (2007 to 2010)); Shared implementation (Second term (2007 to 2010)); Reshaped under Lula (Third term (since 2023)); Expanded under Lula (Third term (since 2023)); Shared implementation (Third term (since 2023))

  Environment · International relations

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  Law

  National professional salary floor for public basic education teaching professionals (Law No. 11,738 of July 16, 2008)

  Starting salary of public basic education teaching professionals. According to the Statement of Reasons of PL 619/2007, the National Pact for the Valorization of Teaching, of 1994, set a floor of R$300.00, in 1994 values. Law No. 11,738/2008 regulated subitem e of item III of art. 60 of the ADCT to establish the national floor.

  Shared implementation (Second term (2007 to 2010)); Continued under Lula (Third term (since 2023)); Reshaped under Lula (Third term (since 2023)); Shared implementation (Third term (since 2023))

  Education

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  Program

  National Program for the Universalization of Access to and Use of Electric Power (Luz para Todos, Light for All)

  Rural population without access to electric power.

  Created under Lula (First term (2003 to 2006)); Continued under Lula (Second term (2007 to 2010)); Reshaped under Lula (Third term (since 2023))

  Energy · Infrastructure

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  Law

  National Statute of Microenterprises and Small Businesses and Simples Nacional (LC 123/2006), Individual Microentrepreneur (LC 128/2008), and Desenrola Pequenos Negócios (Small Business Debt Renegotiation) (MP 1,213/2024 and Law 14,995/2024)

  Taxation and debts of individual microentrepreneurs, microenterprises, and small businesses.

  Shared implementation (First term (2003 to 2006)); Shared implementation (Second term (2007 to 2010)); Expanded under Lula (Third term (since 2023)); Shared implementation (Third term (since 2023))

  Economic development · Labor and wages

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  Program

  Pé-de-Meia Program (Nest Egg)

  Abandonment and dropout in public high school.

  Created under Lula (Third term (since 2023)); Shared implementation (Third term (since 2023))

  Education · Income and social protection

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  Program

  Program to Support Restructuring and Expansion Plans of the Federal Universities (Reuni)

  To expand access to and retention in undergraduate education at the federal universities. The program's decree states as its basis the higher education expansion target of the National Education Plan (Law No. 10,172/2001).

  Created under Lula (Second term (2007 to 2010))

  Education

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  Law

  Special program for access to federal institutions of higher education and secondary-level technical education (Law No. 12,711/2012, the Quotas Law, amended by Law No. 14,723/2023)

  Access to federal institutions of higher education and secondary-level technical education for students from public schools, low-income students, Black (pretos), mixed-race (pardos), Indigenous and quilombola students, and persons with disabilities. Before the federal law, universities adopted their own reservations, such as UERJ, through state laws of 2000 and 2001, and UnB, which, according to the university itself, approved racial quotas in 2003.

  Reshaped under Lula (Third term (since 2023)); Shared implementation (Third term (since 2023))

  Education · Racial equality

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  Institutional reform

  Special Secretariat for Policies to Promote Racial Equality (Seppir)

  Racial inequalities in Brazil, which the National Policy for the Promotion of Racial Equality (Decree 4,886/2003) has as its main objective to reduce, with an emphasis on the Black population. Before the Secretariat, there were already the Palmares Cultural Foundation (1988), the Interministerial Working Group for the Valorization of the Black Population (1995), with members of the Black Movement, the National Council to Combat Discrimination (2001), and the National Affirmative Action Program (2002).

  Created under Lula (First term (2003 to 2006)); Shared implementation (First term (2003 to 2006)); Reshaped under Lula (Second term (2007 to 2010)); Reshaped under Lula (Third term (since 2023))

  Racial equality · Social participation and public administration

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  Institutional reform

  Special Secretariat for Women's Policies of the Presidency of the Republic (SPM), later Secretariat for Women's Policies (2010) and Ministry of Women (2023)

  To formulate, coordinate, and articulate women's policies in the federal government. Before 2003, the promotion of policies to eliminate discrimination against women was the responsibility of the National Council on Women's Rights, created by Law No. 7,353/1985 with permanent channels of relationship with the women's movement; in 2002, Law No. 10,539 created the State Secretariat for Women's Rights within the Ministry of Justice.

  Merged earlier initiatives (First term (2003 to 2006)); Reshaped under Lula (First term (2003 to 2006)); Shared implementation (First term (2003 to 2006)); Continued under Lula (Second term (2007 to 2010)); Reshaped under Lula (Second term (2007 to 2010)); Reshaped under Lula (Third term (since 2023))

  Women · Social participation and public administration · Human rights

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  System

  Unified Selection System (Sisu)

  According to Machado and Szerman (2021), before 2010 selection for higher education was entirely decentralized: the student applied to each institution, took its own exam (the vestibular), and paid an application fee per exam. According to the MEC, the main objectives of the Sisu proposal were to expand the democratization of access to public higher education places and to enable greater academic mobility.

  Created under Lula (Second term (2007 to 2010)); Shared implementation (Second term (2007 to 2010)); Reshaped under Lula (Third term (since 2023)); Shared implementation (Third term (since 2023))

  Education

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  Program

  University for All Program (ProUni)

  Offer of scholarships in private higher education.

  Created under Lula (First term (2003 to 2006))

  Education