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Program · PAC

Growth Acceleration Program (PAC)

Problem
Investment in infrastructure.
Who it serves
Infrastructure works and projects defined by the program.
How it works
A set of infrastructure investment actions, itemized and monitored by a dedicated steering committee in the federal government, the CGPAC, established by Decree No. 6,025/2007; some of them are carried out by states, the Federal District and municipalities with mandatory transfers of funds from the Union, under a commitment agreement approved by the Union (Law No. 11,578/2007, the conversion of MP 387/2007). The management rules of the 2007 decree were repealed in 2019, and Decree No. 11,632/2023 established the Novo PAC, with the CGPAC at the Casa Civil (Chief of Staff's Office).

InfrastructureEconomic development

Relation to the Lula governments

Created under Lula · Second term (2007 to 2010) · since January 2007

The PAC was established by Decree No. 6,025 of January 22, 2007, signed by Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, Guido Mantega, Paulo Bernardo and Dilma Rousseff, with its Steering Committee (CGPAC).[1]

Decree 6,025/2007 established, in addition to the CGPAC, the PAC Executive Group (GEPAC), linked to the CGPAC, to consolidate actions, set targets and track results. In 2008, Decree 6,394 added to the decree the PAC Monitoring System (SisPAC), managed by the Ministry of Planning.[2]

Reshaped under Lula · Third term (since 2023) · since August 2023

Decree No. 11,632 of August 11, 2023, signed by Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva and Rui Costa dos Santos, established the 'Programa de Aceleração do Crescimento - Novo PAC' and repealed Decree 6,025/2007 and Decree 10,526/2020.[3]

Among the objectives of the Novo PAC are integrating infrastructure investment with neo-industrialization and the ecological transition, and promoting inclusive, social and regional development.[4]

Origin and precursors

Origin milestone: founding legal act, Second term (2007 to 2010).

The PAC was established by Decree No. 6,025 of January 22, 2007, signed by Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, Guido Mantega, Paulo Bernardo and Dilma Rousseff, with its Steering Committee (CGPAC).[1]

Precursors

  • Pilot Investment Project (PPI) earlier technical basis According to the Central Bank's 2007 Annual Report, one of the main PAC actions in infrastructure was the increase, in 2007, of the funds allocated to investments backed by the Pilot Investment Project (PPI).[5]
  • FAR, FNHIS and PSH earlier technical basis Among the PAC measures, the Central Bank lists the increase in liquidity of the Residential Leasing Fund; the Statement of Reasons of MP 387/2007 says that the MP amends Law 11,124/2005 (FNHIS) to make possible, in 2007 and 2008, the Social Interest Housing Subsidy Program (PSH), created by Law 10,198/2004.[6]

Precursor investigation: new structure established (October 13, 2026).

Scope: Rules and statements of reasons at the Planalto, publications of the ministries and oversight bodies, searches recorded in the dossier (research of October 13, 2026). No source links the PAC to Avança Brasil; the creation of the PPI was not verified in a primary source.

Responsibilities

  • Casa Civil (Chief of Staff's Office) (coordination of the CGPAC in the original wording) federal management

    In the original wording of Decree 6,025/2007, the CGPAC was made up of the heads of the Casa Civil (Chief of Staff's Office), which coordinated it, of the Ministry of Finance and of the Ministry of Planning; Decree No. 7,462/2011 moved the coordination to the Ministry of Planning.[7]

  • States, Federal District and municipalities (commitment agreement) municipal implementation

    Under Law 11,578/2007, the Executive Branch, on a proposal from the CGPAC, itemizes the PAC actions carried out by mandatory transfer; the beneficiary states, DF and municipalities submit a commitment agreement for each action, with targets, stages, an application plan, a schedule and proof of their own counterpart funds, with exceptions.[8]

  • National Congress (institutional measures) legislative approval

    According to the Central Bank, of the PAC's 27 institutional measures, 18 were approved by the National Congress in 2007, and nine bills were still under consideration. Law 11,578/2007, the conversion of MP 387/2007, was enacted by the National Congress.[9]

Timeline

Timeline of Growth Acceleration Program (PAC)
DatePhaseWhat happened
January 22, 2007Legal actDecree 6,025 establishes the program.[1]
August 11, 2023RelaunchDecree 11,632 establishes the Novo PAC.[3]

What was established

Law No. 11,578 of November 26, 2007 (the conversion of MP 387/2007) regulated the mandatory transfer of funds from the Union to states, the Federal District and municipalities for carrying out PAC actions of interest to the Union, conditioned on a commitment agreement with targets, stages, an application plan and a schedule, approved by the Union.[10]

How it works

Under the design of Decree No. 6,025/2007, the PAC was monitored and supervised by the CGPAC, made up of the heads of the Casa Civil (Chief of Staff's Office) (coordinator), the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Planning; in 2011 Decree No. 7,462 moved the coordination to Planning. Decree No. 6,394/2008 determined that the appropriations for PAC actions could only be committed after a statement from the Ministry of Planning. These rules were repealed in 2019 (Decrees No. 9,784 and No. 9,722).[11]

Law No. 11,578/2007 addresses the mandatory transfer of funds from the Union to states, the Federal District and municipalities for PAC actions. The Executive Branch, on a proposal from the Steering Committee of the Growth Acceleration Program, CGPAC, will itemize the PAC actions to be carried out through mandatory transfer; formal approval of the commitment agreement by the Union is a prior condition for the mandatory transfer to take effect; and oversight is the responsibility of the Federal Court of Accounts, the Office of the Comptroller General and the managing units of the Union.[12]

Governance

Under Decree No. 11,632/2023, the CGPAC is a deliberative body within the Casa Civil (Chief of Staff's Office) that, by resolution, defines guidelines and criteria and itemizes the actions of the Novo PAC and those eligible for mandatory transfer; it is made up of the Casa Civil (coordinator), Finance, Management and Innovation, and Planning and Budget. The GEPAC, which is advisory, analyzes the proposals for inclusion before the CGPAC deliberates. Since Decree No. 12,169/2024, the executive secretariat has been the responsibility of the Special Secretariat for the PAC of the Casa Civil.[13]

Changes

The Planalto records the articles of Decree 6,025/2007 as repealed by Decree No. 9,784/2019 and the decree as a whole as repealed by Decree No. 11,632/2023.[14]

Budget and spending

Figures are nominal unless stated otherwise. Announced, authorized, committed, liquidated and paid amounts are different things and appear with the type indicated. In SIOP lines, "paid" means paid within the same fiscal year (arrears settled later are not counted), and one budget action can fund more than one program: the text says when the action is only part of a program.

Planned amounts for PAC 1: according to the TCU, the infrastructure investment axis planned the execution of R$504 billion by the end of 2010. The official four-year report of the PAC Steering Committee stated R$657.4 billion planned to be invested by the program in the period 2007 to 2010. These are planned amounts, not budget execution.[15]

On August 11, 2023, the launch date, the government announced that the Novo PAC will invest R$1.7 trillion, of which R$371 billion from the General Budget of the Union (OGU), R$343 billion from state-owned companies, R$362 billion from financing and R$612 billion from the private sector. In the version consulted in 2026, with overall execution referring to June 2026, the Novo PAC transparency page of the Casa Civil (Chief of Staff's Office) states a total planned investment of R$1.9 trillion (R$1.3 trillion in 2023 to 2026 and R$0.6 trillion after 2026), 41.1 thousand projects and R$358 billion from the OGU; the two totals are from different moments and do not form a comparable series.[16]

Deliverables

Announcement, contracting, completion and operation are different phases.

According to the official four-year report of the PAC Steering Committee, from December 2010, the projects completed under the PAC will reach R$444 billion by December 2010, 82% of the R$541.8 billion planned to be completed in the period 2007 to 2010. The report also projected that, by December, the PAC will complete 6,377 kilometers of highways and another 909 kilometers of railways, and stated that, in the areas of Housing and Sanitation, 1,323 works were completed and 4,016 are under way.[17]

Audits

The TCU, in the 2010 Government Accounts, concluded that the amount stated in the 11th PAC Report, regarding infrastructure investments, is overstated. Examples: according to the 11th Report, the executed amount attributed to highway concessions was R$19.0 billion, whereas the amount actually invested by the concessionaires, according to the ANTT, was R$2.2 billion; the amount reported as executed in FMM financing was R$17.0 billion, whereas the releases recorded in Siafi, plus the average counterpart of 20%, came to R$8.8 billion; and market housing financing, whose nature is financial investment (inversão financeira), was counted as executed investment, at about R$125.8 billion. According to the 11th Report, the cumulative execution of completed actions reached R$444 billion, equivalent to 88% of the financial target set in 2007, defined as R$504 billion. Without market housing, the cumulative execution percentage falls to 55%; in that scenario, considering only what was invested by the concessionaires in the conceded highways and the amount released by the FMM, cumulative execution would be R$202 billion, 49% of the planned amount.[18]

In Ruling No. 2100/2025-TCU-Plenary (session of September 10, 2025, TC 008.447/2024-1), the TCU ordered the Casa Civil (Chief of Staff's Office), among other measures, to include on the Novo PAC portal, within 180 days, information on the actions financed by private investment (the total to be invested, the amounts planned for the years 2023, 2024, 2025 and 2026, the percentage executed per fiscal year, the physical execution of the work and the planned completion date of the action) and to publish the performance indicators used by the Casa Civil to assess the progress of works, including percentages of physical execution, meeting of deadlines and adherence to the budget. The technical unit noted that the field 'percentage of project execution (%)' was recently added to the portal, but that a performance indicator related to the physical or financial execution of the projects does not yet exist. In the same analysis, the Casa Civil reported that the Novo PAC has more than 20 thousand projects, classified into nine thematic axes and 41 sub-axes.[19]

In Ruling 1079/2019-Plenary (operational audit to diagnose stalled works financed with Union funds), the rapporteur's vote records that about 21% of PAC works were stalled and that, of the R$663 billion initially planned for the PAC, R$127 billion were tied to stalled works.[20]

Limitations

According to TCU Ruling 1079/2019-Plenary, the 'technical' reason accounted for 47% of the number of stalled works in the PAC database (19% of the funds), and in only 3% of the stalled PAC works was the cause given related to oversight bodies.[21]

The report of TCU Ruling 2600/2024-Plenary (third cycle of monitoring of stalled works) transcribes the rapporteur's vote in Ruling 1,228/2021-Plenary, according to which the decentralization of PAC works management reduced the data made available and caused a considerable loss of information on stalled works, so that part of the data needed for the survey could not be obtained. The same report records that the PAC works monitored went from 10,666 contracts, with planned investment of R$663 billion, to 3,824 contracts, with R$25 billion, a reduction driven by the abolition of the SisPAC by Decree 9,722 of March 7, 2019.[22]

Sources and evidence

Excerpts are quoted in the original language of the source.

  1. 1. The PAC was established by Decree No. 6,025 of January 22, 2007, signed by Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, Guido Mantega, Paulo Bernardo and Dilma Rousseff, with its Steering Committee (CGPAC).

    • Decreto nº 6.025, de 22 de janeiro de 2007 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: art. 1, caput (text struck through on the Planalto site). Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “Art. 1º Fica instituído o Programa de Aceleração do Crescimento - PAC, constituído de medidas de estímulo ao investimento privado, ampliação dos investimentos públicos em infra-estrutura e voltadas à melhoria da qualidade do gasto público e ao controle da expansão dos gastos correntes”
    • Decreto nº 6.025, de 22 de janeiro de 2007 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: closing and signatures. Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “Brasília, 22 de janeiro de 2007; 186o da Independência e 119o da República. LUIZ INÁCIO LULA DA SILVA Guido Mantega Paulo Bernardo Dilma Rousseff”
  2. 2. Decree 6,025/2007 established, in addition to the CGPAC, the PAC Executive Group (GEPAC), linked to the CGPAC, to consolidate actions, set targets and track results. In 2008, Decree 6,394 added to the decree the PAC Monitoring System (SisPAC), managed by the Ministry of Planning.

    • Decreto nº 6.025, de 22 de janeiro de 2007 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: art. 4, caput. Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “Art. 4 o Fica instituído o Grupo Executivo do Programa de Aceleração do Crescimento - GEPAC, vinculado ao CGPAC, com o objetivo de consolidar as ações, estabelecer metas e acompanhar os resultados de implementação e execução do PAC”
    • Decreto nº 6.025, de 22 de janeiro de 2007 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: art. 5-B, caput. Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “Art. 5 o -B. Fica instituído o Sistema de Monitoramento do Programa de Aceleração do Crescimento – SisPAC, a ser gerido pelo Ministério do Planejamento, Orçamento e Gestão. (Incluído pelo Decreto nº 6.394, de 2008)”
  3. 3. Decree No. 11,632 of August 11, 2023, signed by Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva and Rui Costa dos Santos, established the 'Programa de Aceleração do Crescimento - Novo PAC' and repealed Decree 6,025/2007 and Decree 10,526/2020.

    • Decreto nº 11.632, de 11 de agosto de 2023 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: art. 1, caput and items I and II. Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “Art. 1º Fica instituído o Programa de Aceleração do Crescimento - Novo PAC, com os seguintes objetivos: I - ampliar os investimentos no País; II - estimular o investimento privado;”
    • Decreto nº 11.632, de 11 de agosto de 2023 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: art. 13; closing. Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “Art. 13. Ficam revogados: I - o Decreto nº 6.025, de 22 de janeiro de 2007; e II - o Decreto nº 10.526, de 20 de outubro de 2020. [...] LUIZ INÁCIO LULA DA SILVA Rui Costa dos Santos”
  4. 4. Among the objectives of the Novo PAC are integrating infrastructure investment with neo-industrialization and the ecological transition, and promoting inclusive, social and regional development.

    • Decreto nº 11.632, de 11 de agosto de 2023 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: art. 1, V and VI. Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “V - promover o desenvolvimento inclusivo, social e regional; VI - integrar o investimento em infraestrutura aos processos de neoindustrialização e de transição ecológica;”
  5. 5. According to the Central Bank's 2007 Annual Report, one of the main PAC actions in infrastructure was the increase, in 2007, of the funds allocated to investments backed by the Pilot Investment Project (PPI).

    • Boletim do Banco Central do Brasil – Relatório Anual 2007, cap. IV (Finanças Públicas) · Central Bank of Brazil Official record
      Where: PDF p. 1 (printed p. 75). Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “a) investimentos em infra-estrutura: aumento dos recursos destinados aos investimentos amparados pelo Projeto Piloto de Investimento (PPI), em 2007; previsão de investimentos em infra-estrutura logística, energética e social, no total de R$504 bilhões no período de 2007-2010;”
  6. 6. Among the PAC measures, the Central Bank lists the increase in liquidity of the Residential Leasing Fund; the Statement of Reasons of MP 387/2007 says that the MP amends Law 11,124/2005 (FNHIS) to make possible, in 2007 and 2008, the Social Interest Housing Subsidy Program (PSH), created by Law 10,198/2004.

  7. 7. In the original wording of Decree 6,025/2007, the CGPAC was made up of the heads of the Casa Civil (Chief of Staff's Office), which coordinated it, of the Ministry of Finance and of the Ministry of Planning; Decree No. 7,462/2011 moved the coordination to the Ministry of Planning.

    • Decreto nº 6.025, de 22 de janeiro de 2007 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: art. 3, items I to III (original wording, struck through on the Planalto site). Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “I - Casa Civil da Presidência da República, que o coordenará;”
    • Decreto nº 6.025, de 22 de janeiro de 2007 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: art. 3, items II and III (original wording). Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “II - Ministério da Fazenda; e (Revogado pelo Decreto nº 9.784, de 2019) Vigência III - Ministério do Planejamento, Orçamento e Gestão.”
    • Decreto nº 6.025, de 22 de janeiro de 2007 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: art. 3, item I (2011 wording). Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “I - Ministério do Planejamento, Orçamento e Gestão, que o coordenará; (Redação dada pelo Decreto nº 7.462, de 2011)”
  8. 8. Under Law 11,578/2007, the Executive Branch, on a proposal from the CGPAC, itemizes the PAC actions carried out by mandatory transfer; the beneficiary states, DF and municipalities submit a commitment agreement for each action, with targets, stages, an application plan, a schedule and proof of their own counterpart funds, with exceptions.

    • Lei nº 11.578, de 26 de novembro de 2007 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: art. 2. Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “O Poder Executivo, por proposta do Comitê Gestor do Programa de Aceleração do Crescimento – CGPAC, discriminará as ações do PAC a serem executadas por meio da transferência obrigatória de que trata o art. 1 o desta Lei.”
    • Lei nº 11.578, de 26 de novembro de 2007 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: art. 3, caput and § 2. Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “As transferências obrigatórias para execução das ações do PAC são condicionadas ao cumprimento dos seguintes requisitos pelos Estados, Distrito Federal e Municípios beneficiários, conforme o constante de termo de compromisso:”
    • Lei nº 11.578, de 26 de novembro de 2007 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: art. 3, § 2. Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “A cada ação incluída ou alterada no PAC corresponderá um termo de compromisso, a ser apresentado pelo ente federado beneficiado.”
  9. 9. According to the Central Bank, of the PAC's 27 institutional measures, 18 were approved by the National Congress in 2007, and nine bills were still under consideration. Law 11,578/2007, the conversion of MP 387/2007, was enacted by the National Congress.

  10. 10. Law No. 11,578 of November 26, 2007 (the conversion of MP 387/2007) regulated the mandatory transfer of funds from the Union to states, the Federal District and municipalities for carrying out PAC actions of interest to the Union, conditioned on a commitment agreement with targets, stages, an application plan and a schedule, approved by the Union.

    • Lei nº 11.578, de 26 de novembro de 2007 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: art. 1, caput. Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “A transferência obrigatória de recursos financeiros pelos órgãos e entidades da União aos órgãos e entidades dos Estados, Distrito Federal e Municípios para a execução de ações do Programa de Aceleração do Crescimento – PAC cuja execução pelos entes federados seja de interesse da União observará as disposições desta Lei.”
    • Lei nº 11.578, de 26 de novembro de 2007 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: art. 3, § 1. Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “A aprovação formal pela União do termo de compromisso de que trata o caput deste artigo é condição prévia para a efetivação da transferência obrigatória.”
  11. 11. Under the design of Decree No. 6,025/2007, the PAC was monitored and supervised by the CGPAC, made up of the heads of the Casa Civil (Chief of Staff's Office) (coordinator), the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Planning; in 2011 Decree No. 7,462 moved the coordination to Planning. Decree No. 6,394/2008 determined that the appropriations for PAC actions could only be committed after a statement from the Ministry of Planning. These rules were repealed in 2019 (Decrees No. 9,784 and No. 9,722).

    • Decreto nº 6.025, de 22 de janeiro de 2007 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: art. 2 (compiled text on the Planalto site). Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “O PAC será acompanhado e supervisionado pelo CGPAC, com o objetivo de coordenar as ações necessárias à sua implementação e execução. (Revogado pelo Decreto nº 9.784, de 2019)”
    • Decreto nº 6.025, de 22 de janeiro de 2007 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: art. 3, caput and item I (original wording). Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “CGPAC será integrado pelos titulares dos seguintes órgãos: (Revogado pelo Decreto nº 9.784, de 2019) Vigência I - Casa Civil da Presidência da República, que o coordenará; I - Ministério do Planejamento, Orçamento e Gestão, que o coordenará; (Redação dada pelo Decreto nº 7.462, de 2011)”
    • Decreto nº 6.025, de 22 de janeiro de 2007 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: art. 3, items II and III (original wording). Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “II - Ministério da Fazenda; e (Revogado pelo Decreto nº 9.784, de 2019) Vigência III - Ministério do Planejamento, Orçamento e Gestão.”
    • Decreto nº 6.025, de 22 de janeiro de 2007 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: art. 5-A (added by Decree 6,394/2008). Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “As dotações das ações do PAC somente poderão ser empenhadas após manifestação do Ministério do Planejamento, Orçamento e Gestão. (Incluído pelo Decreto nº 6.394, de 2008) (Revogado pelo Decreto nº 9.722, de 2019)”
  12. 12. Law No. 11,578/2007 addresses the mandatory transfer of funds from the Union to states, the Federal District and municipalities for PAC actions. The Executive Branch, on a proposal from the Steering Committee of the Growth Acceleration Program, CGPAC, will itemize the PAC actions to be carried out through mandatory transfer; formal approval of the commitment agreement by the Union is a prior condition for the mandatory transfer to take effect; and oversight is the responsibility of the Federal Court of Accounts, the Office of the Comptroller General and the managing units of the Union.

    • Lei nº 11.578, de 26 de novembro de 2007 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: art. 2. Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “O Poder Executivo, por proposta do Comitê Gestor do Programa de Aceleração do Crescimento – CGPAC, discriminará as ações do PAC a serem executadas por meio da transferência obrigatória de que trata o art. 1 o desta Lei.”
    • Lei nº 11.578, de 26 de novembro de 2007 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: art. 3, § 1. Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “A aprovação formal pela União do termo de compromisso de que trata o caput deste artigo é condição prévia para a efetivação da transferência obrigatória.”
    • Lei nº 11.578, de 26 de novembro de 2007 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: art. 7. Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “A fiscalização quanto à regularidade da aplicação dos recursos financeiros transferidos com base nesta Lei é de competência do Tribunal de Contas da União, da Controladoria-Geral da União e das unidades gestoras da União perante as quais forem apresentados os termos de compromisso.”
  13. 13. Under Decree No. 11,632/2023, the CGPAC is a deliberative body within the Casa Civil (Chief of Staff's Office) that, by resolution, defines guidelines and criteria and itemizes the actions of the Novo PAC and those eligible for mandatory transfer; it is made up of the Casa Civil (coordinator), Finance, Management and Innovation, and Planning and Budget. The GEPAC, which is advisory, analyzes the proposals for inclusion before the CGPAC deliberates. Since Decree No. 12,169/2024, the executive secretariat has been the responsibility of the Special Secretariat for the PAC of the Casa Civil.

    • Decreto nº 11.632, de 11 de agosto de 2023 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: art. 3, caput and items I and II. Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “Art. 3º Fica instituído o CGPAC, órgão de natureza deliberativa, no âmbito da Casa Civil da Presidência da República, com as competências de, por meio de resolução: I - definir diretrizes e critérios para a implementação e a execução do Novo PAC; II - discriminar as ações e as medidas a serem executadas no âmbito do Novo PAC; e”
    • Decreto nº 11.632, de 11 de agosto de 2023 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: art. 3, III, and art. 4. Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “III - definir as ações do Novo PAC passíveis de transferência obrigatória cuja execução pelos entes federativos seja de interesse da União. Art. 4º O CGPAC é composto pelas autoridades máximas dos seguintes órgãos: I - Casa Civil da Presidência da República, que o coordenará; II - Ministério da Fazenda; III - Ministério da Gestão e da Inovação em Serviços Públicos; e IV - Ministério do Planejamento e Orçamento.”
    • Decreto nº 11.632, de 11 de agosto de 2023 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: art. 6, caput and item I. Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “Art. 6º Fica instituído o GEPAC, órgão de natureza consultiva vinculado ao CGPAC, no âmbito da Casa Civil da Presidência da República, com as competências de: I - analisar as propostas de inclusão de ações e medidas no âmbito do Novo PAC, previamente à deliberação do CGPAC;”
    • Decreto nº 11.632, de 11 de agosto de 2023 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: art. 9 (wording given by Decree 12,169/2024). Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “A Secretaria-Executiva do CGPAC e do GEPAC será exercida pela Secretaria Especial do Programa de Aceleração do Crescimento da Casa Civil. (Redação dada pelo Decreto nº 12.169, de 2024)”
  14. 14. The Planalto records the articles of Decree 6,025/2007 as repealed by Decree No. 9,784/2019 and the decree as a whole as repealed by Decree No. 11,632/2023.

    • Decreto nº 6.025, de 22 de janeiro de 2007 · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto) Official legal act
      Where: header and annotation after the sole paragraph of art. 1. Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “DECRETO Nº 6.025, DE 22 DE JANEIRO DE 2007. (Vide Decreto nº 6.046, de 2007) Revogado pelo Decreto nº 11.632, de 2023 [...] (Revogado pelo Decreto nº 9.784, de 2019) Vigência”
  15. 15. Planned amounts for PAC 1: according to the TCU, the infrastructure investment axis planned the execution of R$504 billion by the end of 2010. The official four-year report of the PAC Steering Committee stated R$657.4 billion planned to be invested by the program in the period 2007 to 2010. These are planned amounts, not budget execution.

  16. 16. On August 11, 2023, the launch date, the government announced that the Novo PAC will invest R$1.7 trillion, of which R$371 billion from the General Budget of the Union (OGU), R$343 billion from state-owned companies, R$362 billion from financing and R$612 billion from the private sector. In the version consulted in 2026, with overall execution referring to June 2026, the Novo PAC transparency page of the Casa Civil (Chief of Staff's Office) states a total planned investment of R$1.9 trillion (R$1.3 trillion in 2023 to 2026 and R$0.6 trillion after 2026), 41.1 thousand projects and R$358 billion from the OGU; the two totals are from different moments and do not form a comparable series.

    • Novo PAC vai investir R$ 1,7 trilhão em todos os estados do Brasil (cópia no Internet Archive) · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto), source: Casa Civil (Chief of Staff's Office) Government communication
      Read from an archived copy (Internet Archive (Wayback Machine), captured October 9, 2023); original address: www.gov.br. The archive preserves the copy; the author is Presidency of the Republic (Planalto), source: Casa Civil (Chief of Staff's Office).
      Where: paragraphs 1 and 2. Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “O presidente da República, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, lança nesta sexta-feira, dia 11 de agosto, no Theatro Municipal do Rio de Janeiro (RJ), às 10h, o Novo PAC. O programa vai investir R$ 1,7 trilhão em todos os estados do Brasil.”
    • Novo PAC vai investir R$ 1,7 trilhão em todos os estados do Brasil (cópia no Internet Archive) · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto), source: Casa Civil (Chief of Staff's Office) Government communication
      Read from an archived copy (Internet Archive (Wayback Machine), captured October 9, 2023); original address: www.gov.br. The archive preserves the copy; the author is Presidency of the Republic (Planalto), source: Casa Civil (Chief of Staff's Office).
      Where: paragraph 2. Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “Os investimentos previstos no Novo PAC com recursos do Orçamento Geral da União (OGU) somam R$ 371 bilhões; o das empresas estatais, R$ 343 bilhões; financiamentos, R$ 362 bilhões; e setor privado, R$ 612 bilhões.”
    • Novo PAC: Transparência · Casa Civil (Chief of Staff's Office) of the Presidency of the Republic Government communication
      Where: panel Planned investment. Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “INVESTIMENTO PREVISTO TOTAL R$ 1,9 tri 2023-2026 R$ 1,3 tri PÓS 2026 R$ 0,6 tri EMPREENDIMENTOS SPACER 41,1 mil”
    • Novo PAC: Transparência · Casa Civil (Chief of Staff's Office) of the Presidency of the Republic Government communication
      Where: panel Planned investment by source of financing. Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “INVESTIMENTO PREVISTO POR FONTE DE FINANCIAMENTO PRIVADO R$ 765 bi ESTATAL R$ 408 bi FINANCIAMENTO R$ 384 bi OGU R$ 358 bi FUNDO SETORIAL R$ 26 bi”
    • Novo PAC vai investir R$ 1,7 trilhão em todos os estados do Brasil (cópia no Internet Archive) · Presidency of the Republic (Planalto), source: Casa Civil (Chief of Staff's Office) Government communication
      Read from an archived copy (Internet Archive (Wayback Machine), captured October 9, 2023); original address: www.gov.br. The archive preserves the copy; the author is Presidency of the Republic (Planalto), source: Casa Civil (Chief of Staff's Office).
      Where: header of the news item (publication date). Accessed October 14, 2026.
      “Publicado em 11/08/2023 08h00”
    • Novo PAC: Transparência · Casa Civil (Chief of Staff's Office) of the Presidency of the Republic Government communication
      Where: panel after Planned investment by source of financing. Accessed October 14, 2026.
      “FUNDO SETORIAL R$ 26 bi Execução Geral Junho/2026”
  17. 17. According to the official four-year report of the PAC Steering Committee, from December 2010, the projects completed under the PAC will reach R$444 billion by December 2010, 82% of the R$541.8 billion planned to be completed in the period 2007 to 2010. The report also projected that, by December, the PAC will complete 6,377 kilometers of highways and another 909 kilometers of railways, and stated that, in the areas of Housing and Sanitation, 1,323 works were completed and 4,016 are under way.

  18. 18. The TCU, in the 2010 Government Accounts, concluded that the amount stated in the 11th PAC Report, regarding infrastructure investments, is overstated. Examples: according to the 11th Report, the executed amount attributed to highway concessions was R$19.0 billion, whereas the amount actually invested by the concessionaires, according to the ANTT, was R$2.2 billion; the amount reported as executed in FMM financing was R$17.0 billion, whereas the releases recorded in Siafi, plus the average counterpart of 20%, came to R$8.8 billion; and market housing financing, whose nature is financial investment (inversão financeira), was counted as executed investment, at about R$125.8 billion. According to the 11th Report, the cumulative execution of completed actions reached R$444 billion, equivalent to 88% of the financial target set in 2007, defined as R$504 billion. Without market housing, the cumulative execution percentage falls to 55%; in that scenario, considering only what was invested by the concessionaires in the conceded highways and the amount released by the FMM, cumulative execution would be R$202 billion, 49% of the planned amount.

    • Contas do Governo 2010: Ficha 6.1, Programa de Aceleração do Crescimento · Federal Court of Accounts (TCU) Audit
      Where: p. 1, paragraph on accountability. Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “foram identificadas imprecisões metodológicas nos conceitos de alguns investimentos realizados pelo programa. Como resulta­ do, o montante constante no 11º Balanço do PAC, referente aos investimentos em infraestrutura, está superestimado.”
    • Contas do Governo 2010: Ficha 6.1, Programa de Aceleração do Crescimento · Federal Court of Accounts (TCU) Audit
      Where: p. 1, table Highway and railway concessions. Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “Segundo o 11º Balanço do PAC o valor executado atribuído às concessões rodoviárias foi de R$ 19,0 bilhões, ao passo que o montante efetivamente investido pelas con­ cessionárias nas rodovias concedidas, segundo a Agência Nacional de Transporte Terrestre (ANTT), foi de R$ 2,2 bilhões.”
    • Contas do Governo 2010: Ficha 6.1, Programa de Aceleração do Crescimento · Federal Court of Accounts (TCU) Audit
      Where: p. 1, table Merchant Marine Fund (FMM). Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “O montante divulgado como executado nos financiamentos concedi­ dos com recursos do FMM foi de R$ 17,0 bilhões, ao passo que as liberações registradas no Siafi, somadas à contrapartida média de 20%, foram de R$ 8,8 bilhões.”
    • Contas do Governo 2010: Ficha 6.1, Programa de Aceleração do Crescimento · Federal Court of Accounts (TCU) Audit
      Where: p. 1, table Market housing. Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “Foram considerados como investimentos executados financiamentos cuja característica é de inversão financeira, montante este calculado em cerca de R$ 125,8 bilhões.”
    • Contas do Governo 2010: Ficha 6.1, Programa de Aceleração do Crescimento · Federal Court of Accounts (TCU) Audit
      Where: p. 2, final paragraph. Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “Caso elas não sejam consideradas na compara­ ção, o percentual de execução acumulada do PAC reduz-se a 55%. Ademais, neste novo cená­ rio, se forem considerados apenas o investido pelas concessionárias nas rodovias concedidas e o montante liberado pelo FMM, a execução acumulada do PAC seria de R$ 202 bilhões, representando de 49% do previsto.”
    • Contas do Governo 2010: Ficha 6.1, Programa de Aceleração do Crescimento · Federal Court of Accounts (TCU) Audit
      Where: p. 1, last paragraph. Accessed October 14, 2026.
      “Esta atingiu R$ 444 bilhões, equivalente a 88% da meta finan­ ceira prevista em 2007, definida em R$ 504 bilhões.”
    • Contas do Governo 2010: Ficha 6.1, Programa de Aceleração do Crescimento · Federal Court of Accounts (TCU) Audit
      Where: p. 1, title and start of the FMM table. Accessed October 14, 2026.
      “Fundo da Marinha Mercante (FMM) O investimento é computado como realizado no momento da assi­ natura do contrato, independentemente da liberação do recurso,”
  19. 19. In Ruling No. 2100/2025-TCU-Plenary (session of September 10, 2025, TC 008.447/2024-1), the TCU ordered the Casa Civil (Chief of Staff's Office), among other measures, to include on the Novo PAC portal, within 180 days, information on the actions financed by private investment (the total to be invested, the amounts planned for the years 2023, 2024, 2025 and 2026, the percentage executed per fiscal year, the physical execution of the work and the planned completion date of the action) and to publish the performance indicators used by the Casa Civil to assess the progress of works, including percentages of physical execution, meeting of deadlines and adherence to the budget. The technical unit noted that the field 'percentage of project execution (%)' was recently added to the portal, but that a performance indicator related to the physical or financial execution of the projects does not yet exist. In the same analysis, the Casa Civil reported that the Novo PAC has more than 20 thousand projects, classified into nine thematic axes and 41 sub-axes.

    • Acórdão nº 2100/2025-TCU-Plenário, TC 008.447/2024-1 (cópia publicada pelo Poder360) · Federal Court of Accounts (TCU) Audit
      Where: Ruling, items 9.1 and 9.1.1. Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “determinar à Casa Civil da Presidência da República, com fundamento no art. 4º, inciso I, da Resolução-TCU 315, de 2020, que, no prazo de 180 dias, inclua no portal do Novo PAC, em consonância com o art. 3º, da Lei 12.527/2011, c/c o art. 29, da Lei 14.129/2021, informações aptas a:”
    • Acórdão nº 2100/2025-TCU-Plenário, TC 008.447/2024-1 (cópia publicada pelo Poder360) · Federal Court of Accounts (TCU) Audit
      Where: Ruling, items 9.1.1 and 9.1.2. Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “9.1.1. elucidar, para as ações financiadas por investimento privado, o total a ser investido, os valores previstos para os anos de 2023, 2024, 2025 e 2026, o percentual executado por exercício, a execução física da obra e a data prevista para conclusão da ação; 9.1.2. divulgar os indicadores de desempenho utilizados pela Casa Civil para avaliar o progresso das obras”
    • Acórdão nº 2100/2025-TCU-Plenário, TC 008.447/2024-1 (cópia publicada pelo Poder360) · Federal Court of Accounts (TCU) Audit
      Where: Ruling, items 10 and 11 (minutes and session date). Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “10. Ata n° 36/2025 – Plenário. 11. Data da Sessão: 10/9/2025 – Ordinária. 12. Código eletrônico para localização na página do TCU na Internet: AC-2100-36/25-P.”
    • Acórdão nº 2100/2025-TCU-Plenário, TC 008.447/2024-1 (cópia publicada pelo Poder360) · Federal Court of Accounts (TCU) Audit
      Where: Report, analysis by the technical unit, paragraph 31. Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “Embora o campo "percentual de execução do empreendimento (%)", que foi recentemente adicionado ao portal, possa vir a ser utilizado para o desenvolvimento e aferição de algum indicador de desempenho relacionado à execução física ou financeira dos empreendimentos, o fato é que tal indicador, diferentemente do alegado, inexiste até o momento.”
    • Acórdão nº 2100/2025-TCU-Plenário, TC 008.447/2024-1 (cópia publicada pelo Poder360) · Federal Court of Accounts (TCU) Audit
      Where: Report, statement by the Casa Civil (Chief of Staff's Office) as transcribed (item 11). Accessed October 13, 2026.
      “o Novo PAC conta com mais de 20 mil empreendimentos distribuídos em todo o país, classificados em nove eixos temáticos e 41 subeixos”
    • Acórdão nº 2100/2025-TCU-Plenário, TC 008.447/2024-1 (cópia publicada pelo Poder360) · Federal Court of Accounts (TCU) Audit
      Where: Ruling, items 9.1.2 and 9.1.3. Accessed October 14, 2026.
      “9.1.2. divulgar os indicadores de desempenho utilizados pela Casa Civil para avaliar o progresso das obras, incluindo percentuais de execução física, cumprimento de prazos e aderência ao orçamento; 9.1.3. evidenciar, tanto para as obras selecionadas diretamente pelo CGPAC quanto para aquelas escolhidas por meio do PAC Seleções, os critérios utilizados para inclusão de cada ação no programa;”
  20. 20. In Ruling 1079/2019-Plenary (operational audit to diagnose stalled works financed with Union funds), the rapporteur's vote records that about 21% of PAC works were stalled and that, of the R$663 billion initially planned for the PAC, R$127 billion were tied to stalled works.

  21. 21. According to TCU Ruling 1079/2019-Plenary, the 'technical' reason accounted for 47% of the number of stalled works in the PAC database (19% of the funds), and in only 3% of the stalled PAC works was the cause given related to oversight bodies.

  22. 22. The report of TCU Ruling 2600/2024-Plenary (third cycle of monitoring of stalled works) transcribes the rapporteur's vote in Ruling 1,228/2021-Plenary, according to which the decentralization of PAC works management reduced the data made available and caused a considerable loss of information on stalled works, so that part of the data needed for the survey could not be obtained. The same report records that the PAC works monitored went from 10,666 contracts, with planned investment of R$663 billion, to 3,824 contracts, with R$25 billion, a reduction driven by the abolition of the SisPAC by Decree 9,722 of March 7, 2019.

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